Natura - nature
actualia - actual entities
Mundus Plinius - physical world
naturalia - natural bodies
Biota
"neomura"
Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
"neokaryotes" - mitochondrial eukaryotes
"neozoa"
"scotokaryotes" Cavalier-Smith, 1999
"podiates" Cavalier-Smith, 2013
Amorphea Adl et al., 2012
Opisthokonta Cavalier-Smith, 1987
Holozoa Lang, O'Kelly, Nerad, Gray & Burger, 2002
filozoa Shalchian-Tabrizi, Minge, Espelund, Orr, Ruden, Jakobsen & Cavalier-Smith, 2008
Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
Epitheliozoa Ax, 1996
Eumetazoa Bütschli, 1910 - eumetazoans
Bilateria Hatschek, 1888 - bilaterians
Superphylum Deuterostomia Grobben, 1908 - deuterostomes
[crown] Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
Subphylum Vertebrata Cuvier, 1812 - vertebrates
[crown] Myopterygii - myopterygians
Superclass Gnathostomata Zittel, 1879 - jawed vertebrates
Grade Teleostomi Bonaparte, 1836
Euteleostomi - bony vertebrates
Class Actinopterygii Woodward, 1891 - ray-finned fishes
[crown] Actinopteri Cope, 1871
Subclass Neopterygii Regan, 1923
Infraclass Teleostei Müller, 1845
Supercohort Teleocephala de Pinna, 1996
Cohort Osteoglossomorpha Greenwood et al., 1966
Order Osteoglossiformesᵀ Berg, 1940 - bonytongues
[crown] Suborder Osteoglossoideiᵀ
Family Osteoglossidaeᵀ - bonytongues and arapaimas
Subfamily Osteoglossinaeᵀ
Genus Osteoglossumᵀ Vandelli, in Cuvier, 1829
Osteoglossum ferreirai Kanazawa, 1966 - black arawana