Natura - nature
actualia - actual entities
Mundus Plinius - physical world
naturalia - natural bodies
[crown] Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
Clade neomura Cavalier-Smith, 1987
Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
Clade discaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade dorsates Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade podiates Cavalier-Smith, 2012
[crown] Clade Amorphea Adl et al. 2012 [Simpson, Medina & Adl 2020]
[crown] Clade Obazoa Brown, Sharpe, Silberman, Heiss, Lang, Simpson & Roger 2013
[crown] Clade Opisthokonta Cavalier-Smith 1987 [Simpson & Medina 2020] - animal-fungal clade
Superkingdom Holozoa Lang, O'Kelly, Nerad, Gray & Burger, 2002
Clade filozoa Shalchian-Tabrizi, Minge, Espelund, Orr, Ruden, Jakobsen & Cavalier-Smith, 2008
Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
Clade Planulozoa Wallberg, Thollesson, Farris & Jondelius 2004
Subkingdom Bilateria Hatschek, 1888 - bilaterians
Clade Nephrozoa Jondelius, Ruiz-Trillo, Baguñà & Riutort 2002
Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Grobben, 1908
Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
Subphylum Vertebrata Cuvier, 1812 - vertebrates
Myopterygii - myopterygians
Superclass Gnathostomata Gegenbaur, 1874 - jawed vertebrates
Grade Teleostomi Bonaparte, 1836
Euteleostomi - bony vertebrates
Class Actinopterygii Woodward, 1891 - ray-finned fishes
[crown] Actinopteri Cope, 1871
Subclass Neopterygii Regan, 1923
Infraclass Teleostei Müller, 1845
Supercohort Teleocephala de Pinna, 1996
Clupeocephala
Cohort Euteleosteomorpha (Greenwood et al., 1966)
Subcohort Neoteleostei Nelson, 1969
Infracohort Eurypterygia (Rosen, 1973)
Section Ctenosquamata Rosen, 1973
Subsection Acanthomorphata (Rosen, 1973)
Euacanthomorpha (Johnson & Patterson, 1993)
Holacanthopterygii Johnson & Patterson, 1993
Acanthopterygii Rosen & Patterson, 1969
Euacanthopterygii
Division Percomorphacea Wiley & Johnson, 2010
Order Pleuronectiformes Bleeker, 1859, incertae sedis - flatfishes
Suborder Pleuronectoideiᵀ
Superfamily Soleoidea Gilbert, 1905
Family Cynoglossidae Jordan, 1963 - tonguefishes
Subfamily Symphurinae [monotypic]
Genus Symphurusᵀ Rafinesque, 1810 - tonguefish
Symphurus arawak Robins & Randall, 1965 - Caribbean tonguefish
Symphurus atramentatus Jordan & Bollman, 1890 - inkspot tonguefish
Symphurus atricaudus (Jordan & Gilbert, 1880) - California tonguefish
Symphurus australis McCulloch, 1907
Symphurus bathyspilus Krabbenhoft & Munroe, 2003
Symphurus billykrietei Munroe, 1998 - Kriete's tonguefish
Symphurus callopterus Munroe & Mahadeva, 1989 - chocolate tonguefish
Symphurus caribbeanus Munroe, 1991
Symphurus chabanaudi Mahadeva & Munroe, 1990 - Chabanaud's tonguefish
Symphurus civitatium Ginsburg, 1951 - offshore tonguefish
Symphurus diabolicus Mahadeva & Munroe, 1990 - devil's tonguefish
Symphurus diomedeanus (Goode & Bean, 1885) - spottedfin tonguefish
Symphurus elongatus (Günther, 1868) - elongate tonguefish
Symphurus fasciolaris Gilbert, 1892 - banded tongue-fish
Symphurus fuscus Brauer, 1906
Symphurus gilesii (Alcock, 1889)
Symphurus ginsburgi Menezes & Benvegnú, 1976
Symphurus gorgonae Chabanaud, 1948 - Gorgonian tonguefish
Symphurus hondoensis Hubbs, 1915
Symphurus insularis Munroe, Brito & Hernández, 2000
Symphurus jenynsi Evermann & Kendall, 1907
Symphurus kyaropterygium Menezes & Benvegnú, 1976
Symphurus leei Jordan & Bollman, 1890 - Lee's tonguefish
Symphurus ligulatus (Cocco, 1844) - elongate tonguesole
Symphurus lubbocki Munroe, 1990
Symphurus luzonensis Chabanaud, 1955
Symphurus macrophthalmus Norman, 1939
Symphurus maldivensis Chabanaud, 1955
Symphurus marginatus (Goode & Bean, 1886)
Symphurus marmoratus Fowler, 1934
Symphurus melanurus Clark, 1936 - drab tonguefish
Symphurus melasmatotheca Munroe & Nizinski, 1990 - blackstripe tonguefish
Symphurus microlepis Garman, 1899 - smallfin tonguefish
Symphurus microrhynchus (Weber, 1913)
Symphurus minor Ginsburg, 1951 - largescale tonguefish
Symphurus nebulosus (Goode & Bean, 1883) - freckled tonguefish
Symphurus nigrescens Rafinesque, 1810 - tonguesole
Symphurus normani Chabanaud, 1950 - Norman's tonguesole
Symphurus novemfasciatus Shen & Lin, 1984
Symphurus ocellatus von Bonde, 1922 - double-spot tonguesole
Symphurus oculellus Munroe, 1991
Symphurus oligomerus Mahadeva & Munroe, 1990 - spotfin tonguefish
Symphurus ommaspilus Böhlke, 1961 - ocellated tonguefish
Symphurus orientalis (Bleeker, 1879)
Symphurus parvus Ginsburg, 1951 - pygmy tonguefish
Symphurus pelicanus Ginsburg, 1951 - longtail tonguefish
Symphurus piger (Goode & Bean, 1886) - deepwater tonguefish
Symphurus plagiusa (C. Linnaeus, 1766) - blackcheek tonguefish
Symphurus plagusia (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) - duskycheek tonguefish
Symphurus prolatinaris Munroe, Nizinski & Mahadeva, 1991 - halfstriped tonguefish
Symphurus pusillus (Goode & Bean, 1885) - northern tonguefish
Symphurus regani Weber & de Beaufort, 1929
Symphurus reticulatus Munroe, 1990
Symphurus rhytisma Böhlke, 1961 - patchtail tonguefish
Symphurus schultzi Chabanaud, 1955
Symphurus septemstriatus (Alcock, 1891) - sevenband tonguesole
Symphurus stigmosus Munroe, 1998 - blotchfin tonguefish
Symphurus strictus Gilbert, 1905 - blackbelly tonguesole
Symphurus tessellatus (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824)
Symphurus trewavasae Chabanaud, 1948
Symphurus trifasciatus (Alcock, 1894) - threeband tonguesole
Symphurus undatus Gilbert, 1905
Symphurus undecimplerus Munroe & Nizinski, 1990 - dark cheek tongue
Symphurus urospilus Ginsburg, 1951 - spottail tonguefish
Symphurus vanmelleae Chabanaud, 1952
Symphurus variegatus (Gilchrist, 1903)
Symphurus varius Garman, 1899 - mottled tonguefish
Symphurus williamsi Jordan & Culver, 1895 - William's tonguefish
Symphurus woodmasoni (Alcock, 1889)