Natura - nature
actualia - actual entities
Mundus Plinius - physical world
naturalia - natural bodies
[crown] Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
Clade neomura Cavalier-Smith, 1987
Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
Clade discaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade dorsates Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade podiates Cavalier-Smith, 2012
[crown] Clade Amorphea Adl et al. 2012 [Simpson, Medina & Adl 2020]
[crown] Clade Obazoa Brown, Sharpe, Silberman, Heiss, Lang, Simpson & Roger 2013
[crown] Clade Opisthokonta Cavalier-Smith 1987 [Simpson & Medina 2020] - animal-fungal clade
Superkingdom Holozoa Lang, O'Kelly, Nerad, Gray & Burger, 2002
Clade filozoa Shalchian-Tabrizi, Minge, Espelund, Orr, Ruden, Jakobsen & Cavalier-Smith, 2008
Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
Clade Planulozoa Wallberg, Thollesson, Farris & Jondelius 2004
Subkingdom Bilateria Hatschek, 1888 - bilaterians
Clade Nephrozoa Jondelius, Ruiz-Trillo, Baguñà & Riutort 2002
Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Grobben, 1908
Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
Subphylum Vertebrata Cuvier, 1812 - vertebrates
Myopterygii - myopterygians
Superclass Gnathostomata Gegenbaur, 1874 - jawed vertebrates
Grade Teleostomi Bonaparte, 1836
Euteleostomi - bony vertebrates
Clade Sarcopterygii Romer, 1955
[crown] Rhipidistia Cope, 1887
Clade Tetrapodomorpha Ahlberg, 1991
Clade Osteolepidimorpha
Clade Tetrapoda Hatschek & Cori 1896 [Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe 1988]
[crown] Clade Neotetrapoda
Clade Reptiliomorpha Säve-Söderbergh, 1934
Batrachosauria
[crown] Clade Amniota Haeckel, 1866 [Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe 1988] - amniotes
Class Reptilia Linnaeus, 1758 - reptiles
Eureptilia Olson, 1947
Romeriida Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe, 1988
Clade Diapsida Osborn 1903 [Gauthier & de Queiroz 2020]
[crown] Clade Neodiapsida Benton 1985
Clade Pan-Archelosauria W.G. Joyce, J. Anquetin, E. Cadena, J. Claude, I.G. Danilov, S.W. Evers, ..., J.F. Parham 2021, sedis mutabilis
[crown] Clade Archelosauria N.G. Crawford, J.F. Parham, A.B. Sellas, B.C. Faircloth, T.C. Glenn, T.J. Papenfuss, ..., W.B. Simison 2015 [W.G. Joyce, J. Anquetin, E. Cadena, J. Claude, I.G. Danilov, S.W. Evers, ..., J.F. Parham 2021]
Clade Pan-Archosauria Gauthier 2020
Clade Archosauromorpha von Huene 1946 [Gauthier 2020]
Clade Crocopoda Ezcurra 2016
Clade Archosauriformes Gauthier 1994 [Gauthier 2020]
Clade Crurotarsi Sereno & Arcucci 1990
[crown] Clade Archosauriaᵀ Cope 1869 [Gauthier & Padian 2020]
Clade Pan-Aves Gauthier & de Queiroz 2001 [M. Ezcurra, S. Nesbitt, M. Bronzati, F. Dalla Vecchia, F. Agnolin, R. Benson, ..., M. Langer 2020]
Clade Ornithodira Gauthier 1986 [M. Ezcurra, S. Nesbitt, M. Bronzati, F. Dalla Vecchia, F. Agnolin, R. Benson, ..., M. Langer 2020]
Clade Dinosauromorpha Benton 1985 [M. Ezcurra, S. Nesbitt, M. Bronzati, F. Dalla Vecchia, F. Agnolin, R. Benson, ..., M. Langer 2020]
Clade Dinosauriformes Novas 1992 [M. Ezcurra, S. Nesbitt, M. Bronzati, F. Dalla Vecchia, F. Agnolin, R. Benson, ..., M. Langer 2020]
Clade Dracohorsᵀ Cau 2018
Clade Dinosauria Owen 1842 [Langer, Novas, Bittencourt, Ezcurra & Gauthier 2020]
Clade Saurischia Seeley 1888 [Gauthier, Langer, Novas, Bittencourt & Ezcurra 2020]
Clade Eusaurischia Padian et al. 1999
Clade Theropoda Marsh 1881 [Naish, Cau, Holtz Jr., Fabbri & Gauthier 2020]
Clade Neotheropoda Bakker 1986 [Sereno 1998]
Clade Averostraᵀ Paul 2002
Clade Tetanurae Gauthier 1986
Clade Orionides Carrano, Benson & Sampson 2012
Clade Avetheropoda Paul 1988 [Padian et al. 1999]
Clade Coelurosauria Huene 1914 [Gauthier 1986]
Clade Tyrannoraptora Sereno 1999, nom. cl. inval.
Clade Maniraptoriformes Holtz 1995 [Holtz 1996]
Clade Maniraptora Gauthier 1986
Clade Pennaraptora Foth et al. 2014
Clade Paraves Sereno 1997 [Sereno 1998]
Clade Avialae Gauthier 1986
Subclass Aves Linnaeus, 1758
Clade Pygostylia Chatterjee 1997 [Chiappe 2001]
Clade Ornithothoraces Chiappe 1995
Clade Ornithuromorpha Chiappe 2001
Clade Ornithurae Haeckel 1866 [Gauthier 1986] {Chiappe 1991}
Clade Carinatae Merrem 1813 [Gauthier & de Queiroz 2001]
[crown] Clade Neornithes Gadow, 1893 - living birds
Cohort Neognathae Pycraft, 1900
Subcohort Neoaves Sibley et al., 1988
Division Terrestrornithes B.C. Livezey & R.L. Zusi, 2007
Subdivision Dendrornithes Verheyen, 1961
Section Anomalogonates Garrod, 1874
Subsection Pico-clamatores B.C. Livezey & R.L. Zusi, 2007
Superorder Passerimorphae Sibley et al., 1988
Order Passeriformesᵀ Linnaeus, 1758
Suborder Passeresᵀ (C. Linnaeus, 1758) C. Linnaeus, 1766
Parvorder Passeridaᵀ (C. Linnaeus, 1758) Sibley et al., 1988
Superfamily Sylvioidea
Family Paridae Vigors, 1825 - tits, chickadees
Genus Parusᵀ Linnaeus, 1758
01 Parus funereus (J. Verreaux & E. Verreaux, 1855)
02 Parus niger Vieillot, 1818
03.1 Parus leucomelas Rüppell, 1840
03.2 Parus carpi Macdonald & Hall, 1957
04 Parus albiventris Shelley, 1881
05 Parus leuconotus Guérin-Méneville, 1843
06 Parus fasciiventer Reichenow, 1893 - stripe-breasted tit
07 Parus fringillinus Fischer & Reichenow, 1884
08 Parus rufiventris Bocage, 1877
09 Parus thruppi Shelley, 1885
10 Parus afer J.F. Gmelin, 1789
11 Parus cinerascens Vieillot, 1818
12 Parus griseiventris Reichenow, 1882
13 Parus nuchalis Jerdon, 1845
14 Parus major Linnaeus, 1758
15 Parus bokharensis M.H.K. Lichtenstein, 1823
16 Parus monticolus Vigors, 1831
17 Parus venustulus Swinhoe, 1870
18 Parus elegans Lesson, 1831
19 Parus amabilis Sharpe, 1877 - Palawan tit
20 Parus xanthogenys Vigors, 1831
21 Parus spilonotus Bonaparte, 1850
22 Parus holsti Seebohm, 1894
23 Parus caeruleus Linnaeus, 1758
24 Parus cyanus Pallas, 1770
25 Parus flavipectus Severtsov, 1873
26 Parus rubidiventris Blyth, 1847
27 Parus rufonuchalis Blyth, 1849
28 Parus melanolophus Vigors, 1831
29 Parus ater Linnaeus, 1758
30 Parus varius Temminck & Schlegel, 1848
31 Parus semilarvatus (Salvadori, 1865)
32.1 Parus palustris Linnaeus, 1758
32.2 Parus hypermelaenus (Berezowski & Bianchi, 1891)
33 Parus lugubris Temminck, 1820
34.1 Parus montanus Conrad von Baldenstein, 1827
34.2 Parus songarus Severtsov, 1873
35 Parus carolinensis Audubon, 1834 - carolina chickadee
36 Parus atricapillus Linnaeus, 1766 - black-capped chickadee
37 Parus gambeli Ridgway, 1886 - mountain chickadee
38 Parus sclateri O. Kleinschmidt, 1897 - Mexican chickadee
39 Parus superciliosus (Przevalski, 1876)
40 Parus davidi (Berezowski & Bianchi, 1891)
41 Parus cinctus Boddaert, 1783 - siberian tit
42 Parus hudsonicus J.R. Forster, 1772 - boreal chickadee
43 Parus rufescens J.K. Townsend, 1837 - chestnut-backed chickadee
44 Parus dichrous Blyth, 1844
45 Parus cristatus Linnaeus, 1758
46 Parus wollweberi (Bonaparte, 1850) - bridled titmouse
47.1 Parus inornatus Gambel, 1845 - plain titmouse
47.2 Parus ridgwayi Richmond, 1902
48 Parus bicolor Linnaeus, 1766 - tufted titmouse