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Reference: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2022(2021). Protoplasma 259
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Cavalier-Smith, T. 2022(2021). Ciliary transition zone evolution and the root of the eukaryote tree: implications for opisthokont origin and classification of kingdoms Protozoa, Plantae, and Fungi. Protoplasma 259, May 2022: 487-593. [Online: 23 Dec 2021] ≡

Alternative classifications

  1. Cavalier-Smith, T., 2022(2021) (alt.). [Cladistic Classification], May 2022: table 2 (pp. 564-565), fig. 11.

New: Original name, rank & spelling

Creneida (Order) Cavalier-Smith, 2021Page: table 1 (p. 520: "new order").
Diacentrida (Infrakingdom) Cavalier-Smith, 2021Page: table 1 (p. 521: "infraking. n.").
Lunosea (Class) Cavalier-Smith, 2021Page: table 1 (p. 520: "cl. n.").
Naegleriidae (Family) Cavalier-Smith, 2021Page: table 1 (p. 520: "fam. n.").
Natozoa (Subkingdom) Cavalier-Smith, 2021Page: table 1 (p. 520: "subkingdom. n.").
Neovahlkampfea (Class) Cavalier-Smith, 2021Page: table 1 (p. 520: "cl. n.").
Neovahlkampfida (Order) Cavalier-Smith, 2021Page: table 1 (p. 520: "ord n.").
Opizoa (Infrakingdom) Cavalier-Smith, 2021Page: table 1 (p. 521: "infrak. n.").
Orthozoa (Subphylum) Cavalier-Smith, 2021Page: table 1 (p. 520: "subphyl. n.").
Parachytriomycetes (Class) Caval.-Sm. (2021)Page: App. (p. 581: "New class").
Pararhoda (Phylum) Caval.-Sm. (2021)Page: 553 ("New phylum").
Paratrimastigida (Order) Cavalier-Smith, 2021Page: table 1 (p. 520: "ord. n.").
Parvulariidae (Family) Cavalier-Smith, 2021Page: App. (p. 581: "New family").
Pygsuidae (Family) Cavalier-Smith, 2021Page: table 1 (p. 521: "new family").
Rhodaria (Infrakingdom) Caval.-Sm. (2021)Page: 552 ("infrak. n").
Sanchytriales (Order) Caval.-Sm. (2021), nom. illeg.Page: App. (p. 581: "New order").
Syssomonadidae (Family) Cavalier-Smith, 2021Page: table 1 (footnote *** p. 522: "new family").
Tetrahelia (Genus) Cavalier-Smith, 2021Page: App. (p. 582: "gen. n.").
Tetraheliidae (Family) Cavalier-Smith, 2021Page: App. (p. 582: "fam. n.").

New: Original clade name & spelling

discaria ([unranked]) Cavalier-Smith, 2021Page: 487 ("I collectively name"), 582, table 2 (p. 564), fig. 11; 494, 541, 544 ("supergroup"). ("discaria").
dorsates ([unranked]) Cavalier-Smith, 2021Page: 544 ("I call"), 583, table 2 (p. 564), fig. 11; 494, 541, 582 ("'supergroups'"). ("dorsates").
eucorta ([unranked]) Cavalier-Smith, 2021Page: 532 ("I call"), 545 ("I name"), 583 ("I call"), table 2 (p. 564), fig. 11. ("eucorta").
natates ([unranked]) Cavalier-Smith, 2021Page: 544 ("I call"), 583, table 2 (p. 564), fig. 11; 494, 541, 582 ("'supergroups'"). ("natates").
Parachytriomycetes (Clade) Cavalier-Smith 2021Page: App. (p. 581).
photaria ([unranked]) Cavalier-Smith, 2021Page: 545 ("here named"), table 2 (p. 564), fig. 11. ("photaria").
Rhodaria (Clade) Cavalier-Smith 2021Page: 552.
torcids ([unranked]) Cavalier-Smith, 2021Page: 565 ("I call"), 583, table 2 (p. 564), fig. 11. ("torcids").

New: Subsequent rank (orig. spell.)

Aphelidia (Subphylum) Cavalier-Smith, 2021Page: table 1 (p. 521: "subphyl. n.").
Archezoa (Infrakingdom) Cavalier-Smith, 1983Page: table 1 (p. 520: "Cavalier-Smith1983 stat. n. em.").
Conosa (Infraphylum) Cavalier-Smith, 1998Page: table 1 (p. 521: "Cavalier-Smith 1998 em. stat. n.").
Discosa (Subphylum) Cavalier-Smith, 2021Page: table 1 (p. 521: "subphyl. n.").
Endohelia (Subphylum) Cavalier-Smith, 2015Page: App. (p. 582: "New subphylum").
Eolouka (Phylum) Cavalier-Smith, 2012Page: table 1 (p. 520: "Cavalier-Smith2013 stat. n.").
Eozoa (Infrakingdom) Cavalier-Smith, 1997Page: table 1 (p. 520: "(Cavalier-Smith 1997 (as subkingdom) stat. n., em. Cavalier-Smith et al. 2015)"); 556 ("I downrank").
Eutetramitia (Infraphylum) Hanousková, Táborský & Čepička, 2018Page: table 1 (p. 520: "Hanousková et al. ex Cavalier-Smith 2020").
Fornicata (Infraphylum) Simpson, 2003Page: table 1 (p. 520: "infraphyl. n.").
Hemimastigophora (Infrakingdom) Foissner, Blatterer & Foissner, 1998Page: table 1 (p. 521: "infraking. n.").
Lobosa (Infraphylum) Carpenter, 1861Page: table 1 (p. 521: "Carpenter em. Cavalier-Smith in Cavalier-Smith et al. 2004 stat. n.").
Malawimonada (Subkingdom) Cavalier-Smith, 2021Page: table 1 (p. 520: "subking. n.").
Malawimonada (Phylum) Cavalier-Smith, 2021Page: table 1 (p. 520: "phyl. n.").
Microsporidia (Subphylum) Balbiani, 1892Page: table 1 (p. 521: "Balbiani, 1892 stat. n.").
Opisthosporidia (Phylum) Karpov, Aleoshin & Mikhailov, 2014Page: table 1 (p. 521: "phyl. n. Karpov et al. (2014) ex Cavalier-Smith, 2020").
Planomonada (Subphylum) Cavalier-Smith, 2021Page: table 1 (p. 521: "subphyl. n.").
Planomonadea (Class) Cavalier-Smith, 2021Page: table 1 (p. 521: "cl. n.").
Rozellidia (Subphylum) Cavalier-Smith, 2021Page: table 1 (p. 521: "subphyl. n.").
Sulcozoa (Infrakingdom) Cavalier-Smith, 2012Page: table 1 (p. 521: "infrak. n.").
Telonemia (Infrakingdom) Shalchian-Tabrizi et al., 2006Page: App. (p. 582: "New infrakingdom").
Tevosa (Subphylum) Kang, Tice, Spiegel, Silberman, Pánek, Čepička, Kostka, Kosakyan, Alcântara, Roger, Shadwick, Smirnov, Kudryavtsev, Lahr & Brown, 2017Page: table 1 (p. 521: "subphyl. n. Kang et al. 2017 ex Cavalier-Smith 2020").

New: Subsequent generic combination (orig. spell.)

Tetrahelia pterbica (Species) (Mikrjukov & Patterson, 2000)Page: App. (p. 582: "comb. n.").

New: Subsequent use as a botanical name

Rhodelphales (Order) Tikhonenkov, Gawryluk, Mylnikov & Keeling (2019)Page: 553 ("Tikhonenkov, Gawryluk, Mylnikov, and Keeling in Gawryluk et al. 2019 orth. em.").
Rhodelphea (Class) Tikhonenkov, Gawryluk, Mylnikov & Keeling (2019)Page: 553 ("class and order described under the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants which for simplicity is best applied to the entire kingdom Plantae even for those members that are neither algae, fungi not Embryophyta.").
Rhodelphidaceae (Family) Tikhonenkov, Gawryluk, Mylnikov & Keeling (2019)Page: 553 ("Tikhonenkov, Gawryluk, Mylnikov, and Keeling in Gawryluk et al. 2019 (here orthographically corrected ...)").
Rhodelphis (Genus) Tikhonenkov, Gawryluk, Mylnikov & Keeling (2019)Page: 553.

New: Subsequent spelling (lapsus)

Schizophyenida (Order) Cavalier-Smith, 2021, orth. inval.Page: table 1 (p. 520); "Schizopyrenida" (pp. 522, 556).

New: Subsequent spelling

Aphelida (Order) Cavalier-Smith, 2021, orth. inval.Page: table 1 (p. 521: "Cavalier-Smith 2013 p. 155").
Pomphyolyxophryidae (Family) Cavalier-Smith, 2021, orth. inval.Page: 568 ("Page 1987").

New: Original definition [PhyloCode]

Parachytriomycetes (Clade) Cavalier-Smith 2021Page: App. (p. 581: "Phylogenetically defined").
Rhodaria (Clade) Cavalier-Smith 2021Page: 552.

New: Emended diagnosis (emend.)

Axomonadida (Order) Cavalier-Smith, 2012Page: App. (p. 582: "Cavalier-Smith in Yabuki et al. (2012) as emended here", "Diagnosis revised").
Diphyllatea (Class) Cavalier-Smith, 2003Page: table 1 (p. 521: "Cavalier-Smith, 2003 em.").
Endohelea (Class) Cavalier-Smith, 2012Page: App. (p. 582: "Cavalier-Smith in Yabuki et al. (2012) em. Revised diagnosis as for Endohelia.").
Glissodiscea (Class) Cavalier-Smith, 2012Page: table 1 (p. 521: "Cavalier-Smith 2013 em. here").
Glomomycetes (Class) Caval.-Sm. (1998)Page: 572 ("Cavalier-Smith 1998 em. to include Sanchytriales").
Lyromonadea (Class) Cavalier-Smith, 1993Page: table 1 (p. 520: "Cavalier-Smith 1993 em.").
Paramycia (Subphylum) Cavalier-Smith, 2012Page: table 1 (p. 521: "Cavalier-Smith 2013 em.").
Rhizomastigida (Order) Doflein, 1916Page: table 1 (footnote ** p. 522: "Bütschli 1884 stat. n. Doflein 1916 em. Cavalier-Smith 2020").
Rhodelphales (Order) Tikhonenkov, Gawryluk, Mylnikov & Keeling (2019)Page: 553 ("Revised Diagnosis").
Rhodelphea (Class) Tikhonenkov, Gawryluk, Mylnikov & Keeling (2019)Page: 553 ("Revised diagnosis").
Rozellidea (Class) Cavalier-Smith, 2012Page: table 1 (p. 521: "Cavalier-Smith 2013 em.").
Sarcomastigota (Subkingdom) Cavalier-Smith, 1983Page: table 1 (p. 521: "Cavalier-Smith 1993 em. Revised diagnosis").
Sulcozoa (Phylum) Cavalier-Smith, 2012Page: table 1 (p. 521: "Cavalier-Smith 2013 em. by excluding Apusozoa and Discocelia").
Tetramitia (Subphylum) Cavalier-Smith, 1993Page: table 1 (p. 520: "Cavalier-Smith 1993 em. 2008 em.").
Trimastigida (Order) Cavalier-Smith, 2003Page: table 1 (p. 520: "Cavalier-Smith 2003 em.").
Varisulca (Subphylum) Cavalier-Smith, 2012Page: table 1 (p. 521: "Cavalier-Smith 2013 em.").

Original Classification (root)

([unranked]) eukaryotes

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Last updated: 1 Feb 2024