Natura - nature actualia - actual entities Mundus Plinius - physical world particles elementary particles elementary fermions - elementary particles with half-integer spin quarks M. Gell-Mann, 1964 1.1 up quark 1964? 1.2 down quark 1964? 2.1 strange quark 1964? 2.2 charm quark 1976 3.1 bottom quark L. Lederman et al., 1977 3.2 top quark 1995