Kingdom Chlorobiota C.Jeffrey ex Doweld (2001) - plants see Subkingdom Viridiplantae Caval.-Sm. (1981)
   Subkingdom Pteridobiotina Britton & A. Br. (1896)
     Superdivision Cycadophytanae Doweld (2001) see Superphylum Cycadophytanae Doweld (2001)
       Division Gnetophyta Bessey (1907) [monotypic]
         Class Gnetopsida Eichler ex Kirpot. (1884)
           Order Gnetales Mart. (1835) [monotypic]
             Family Gnetaceae Blume (1833), nom. cons. - Gnetum family
               Genus †Chaoyangia Duan (1998), nom. inval.