living organisms see Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
   Superkingdom Eukaryotae see Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925
     Kingdom Plantae Haeckel (1866) - plants
       Subkingdom Thallobionta
         Division Chromophycota see Phylum Chromophyta T.A.Chr. (1962), nom. nud.
           Class Dinophyceae Pascher (1914)
             Subclass Dinophycidae see Class Dinophyceae Pascher (1914)
               Order Gymnodiniales Apstein (1909)
                 1 Family Actiniscaceae Kütz. (1844)
                 2 Family Entomosigmaceae see Family Entomosigmataceae Chatton (1952)
                 3 Family Gymnodiniaceae Lank. (1885)
                 4 Family Polykrikaceae Kof. & Swezy (1921) see Family Gymnodiniaceae Lank. (1885)
                 5 Family Warnowiaceae Er. Lindem. (1928)