living organisms see Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
   Superkingdom Eukaryotae see Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925
     Kingdom Plantae Haeckel (1866) - plants
       Subkingdom Thallobionta
         Division Chromophycota see Phylum Chromophyta T.A.Chr. (1962), nom. nud.
           Class Dinophyceae Pascher (1914)
             Subclass Dinophycidae see Class Dinophyceae Pascher (1914)
               Order Gymnodiniales Apstein (1909)
                 Family Gymnodiniaceae Lank. (1885)
                   1 Genus Amphidinium Clap. & J. Lachm. (1859)
                   2 Genus Gymnodinium F. Stein (1878)
                   3 Genus Gyrodinium Kof. & Swezy (1921)
                   4 Genus Katodinium Fott (1957)
                   5 Genus Cochlodinium F. Schütt (1896)