Natura - nature
   actualia - actual entities
     Mundus Plinius - physical world
       naturalia - natural bodies
         [[crown] organisms] see Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
           [Empire Prokaryota (Dougherty 1957) Allsopp 1969] see Domain Bacteria Woese et al. 1990
             [Kingdom "Bacteria" (Cohn 1870) Cavalier-Smith 1983 - bacteria] see Kingdom Bacteria Cavalier-Smith 2002
               [Subkingdom Eubacteria Cavalier-Smith 1981] see Domain Bacteria Woese et al. 1990
                 [Division Gracilicutes Gibbons and Murray 1978 (Approved Lists 1980)] see Phylum Gracilicutes
                   [Phylum Spirochaetae (Ehrenberg 1855) Cavalier-Smith 1998] see Phylum Spirochaetes Garrity and Holt 2001
                     1 [Subphylum Euspirochaetae Cavalier-Smith 1998] see Family Spirochaetaceae Swellengrebel 1907 (Approved Lists 1980)
                     1 ["Leptospires"] see Family Leptospiraceae Hovind-Hougen 1979 (Approved Lists 1980)
                     2 [Subphylum Leptospirae T. Cavalier-Smith 1998] see Family Leptospiraceae Hovind-Hougen 1979 (Approved Lists 1980)
                     2 ["Spirochaetales"ᵀ Buchanan, 1917] see Order Spirochaetales Buchanan 1917 (Approved Lists 1980)
                     2 ["Spirochaetas"] see Family Spirochaetaceae Swellengrebel 1907 (Approved Lists 1980)
                     3 [Family Pillotaceae] see Family Spirochaetaceae Swellengrebel 1907 (Approved Lists 1980)
                     3 ["Pillotinas"] see Family Spirochaetaceae Swellengrebel 1907 (Approved Lists 1980)
                     4 ["Cristispires"] see Family Spirochaetaceae Swellengrebel 1907 (Approved Lists 1980)