life see Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
   Superkingdom Prokarya see Domain Bacteria Woese et al. 1990 stat. inval.
     Kingdom Bacteria Cavalier-Smith 1998 nom. inval. - bacteria see Kingdom Bacteria Cavalier-Smith 2002 stat. inval.
       Subkingdom Eubacteria Cavalier-Smith 1981 see Domain Bacteria Woese et al. 1990 stat. inval.
         Division Gracilicutes Gibbons and Murray 1978 (Approved Lists 1980) see Phylum Gracilicutes
           Phylum Spirochaetae (Ehrenberg 1855) Cavalier-Smith 1998 see Phylum Spirochaetes Garrity and Holt 2001 nom. inval.
             "Spirochaetas" see Family Spirochaetaceae Swellengrebel 1907 (Approved Lists 1980)
               1 Genus Borrelia Swellengrebel 1907 (Approved Lists 1980)
               2 Genus Treponema Schaudinn 1905 (Approved Lists 1980)
               3 Genus Spirochaeta Ehrenberg 1835 (Approved Lists 1980)