[plants] Haeckel (1866) - plants
   vascular plants see Phylum Tracheophyta Sinnott ex Caval.-Sm. (1998)
     euphyllophytes see Clade Euphyllophyta Lecointre & Le Guyader 2006 [Cantino & Donoghue 2020]
       Spermatophyta Britton & Brown 1896 [Crane & Kenrick 1997], nom. cl. inval. - seed plants see Clade Spermatophyta Britton & Brown 1896 [Cantino, Doyle & Donoghue 2020]
         Gymnospermae Lindl. see Class Spermatopsida
           Class Pinopsida Burnett (1835)
             Order Pinales Dumort. (1829) - conifers
               1 Family Pinaceae Spreng. ex F.Rudolphi (1830), nom. cons. - pine family
               2.1.1 Genus †Drewria P.R.Crane & G.R. Upchurch (1987)
               2.1.2 Family Gnetaceae Blume (1833), nom. cons. - Gnetum family
               2.1.3 Family Ephedraceae Dumort. (1829), nom. cons. - Mormon-tea family
               2.2 Family Welwitschiaceae Caruel (1879), nom. cons.
               2.3 Family Araucariaceae Henkel & W.Hochst. (1865), nom. cons. - Araucaria family
               2.4 Family Podocarpaceae Endl. (1847), nom. cons. - podocarp family
               2.5 Family Sciadopityaceae Luerss. (1877)
               2.6 Family Taxaceae Gray (1822), nom. cons. - yew family
               2.7 Family Cupressaceae Gray (1822), nom. cons. - cypress family