[living organisms] see Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
   Superkingdom Eukaryota Whittaker & Margulis, 1978 see Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925
     Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
       Subkingdom Bilateria Hatschek, 1888 - bilaterians
         Infrakingdom Protostomia Grobben, 1908
           Superphylum Spiralia Schleip, 1929
             Phylum Acanthocephala Kohlreuther, 1771 - acanthocephalans see [unranked] Acanthocephala Kohlreuther, 1771
               1 Class Archiacanthocephala (A. Meyer, 1931)
               2 Class Eoacanthocephala Van Cleave, 1936
               3 Class Palaeacanthocephala (Meyer, 1931)