Phylum Dinoflagellata Engl. (1903) see Superclass Dinoflagellata Bütschli, 1885
   Subphylum Dinokaryota Fensome, F.J.R. Taylor, G. Norris, Sarjeant, Wharton & G.L. Williams (1993)
     Class Dinophyceae Pascher (1914)
       Subclass Gymnodiniphycidae Fensome, F.J.R. Taylor, G. Norris, Sarjeant, Wharton & G.L. Williams (1993)
         Order Gymnodiniales Apstein (1909)
           Suborder Gymnodiniineae Fensome, F.J.R. Taylor, G. Norris, Sarjeant, Wharton & G.L. Williams (1993) see Order Gymnodiniales Apstein (1909)
             1 Family Gymnodiniaceae Lank. (1885)
             2 Family Kareniaceae Bergholtz, Daugbjerg, Moestrup & Fernández-Tejedor (2006) see Family Brachidiniaceae Sournia (1972)
             3 Family Polykrikaceae Kof. & Swezy (1921) [monotypic] see Family Gymnodiniaceae Lank. (1885)
             4 Family Tovelliaceae Moestrup, K.C.R. Lindb. & Daugbjerg (2005)
             5 Family Warnowiaceae Er. Lindem. (1928)
             6 Genus Gynogonadinium F. Gómez (2007), incertae sedis
             7 Genus Pyramidodinium T. Horig. & C. Sukigara (2005), incertae sedis