Natura - nature
   actualia - actual entities
     Mundus Plinius - physical world
       naturalia - natural bodies
         [crown] Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
           Clade neomura Cavalier-Smith, 1987
             Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
               Clade discaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
                 Clade natates Cavalier-Smith, 2021
                   Clade photaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
                     Clade eucorta Cavalier-Smith, 2021
                       Superkingdom Corticata Lankester, 1878 - corticates
                         Kingdom Chromista Caval.-Sm. (1981) - chromists
                           Subkingdom Harosa Cavalier-Smith, 2010
                             [crown] Clade Sar Adl et al. 2012 [Simpson & Dunthorn 2020]
                               Infrakingdom Halvaria Cavalier-Smith, 2010
                                 Superphylum Heterokonta Caval.-Sm. (1986)
                                   Phylum Ochrophyta Caval.-Sm. (1995)
                                     Subphylum Khakista Caval.-Sm. (2000)
                                       Diatomea Kütz. (1844)
                                         Class Bacillariophyceae Haeckel (1878) - pennates
                                           Subclass Fragilariophycidae Round (1990) - core araphid diatoms
                                             Order Fragilarialesᵀ P.C.Silva (1962) [monotypic]
                                               Family Fragilariaceaeᵀ Grev. (1833)
                                                 Genus Opephora P. Petit (1888)
                                                   Opephora gemmata (Grunow) Hustedt (1931)
                                                   Opephora guenter-grassii (Witkowski & Lange-Bertalot, 1993) K. Sabbe & W. Wyverman (1995)
                                                   Opephora krumbeinii A. Witkowski, Witak & K. Stachura, in Lange-Bertalot & Genkal (1999)
                                                   Opephora marina (Gregory) Petit (1888)
                                                   Opephora mutabilis (Grunow, in Cleve & Möller, 1879) K. Sabbe & W. Vyverman (1995)
                                                   Opephora naveana Le Cohu (1988)
                                                   Opephora pacifica (Grunow) Petit (1888)
                                                   Opephora schwartzii (Grunow) Petit ex Pelletan (1889)