Natura - nature
actualia - actual entities
Mundus Plinius - physical world
naturalia - natural bodies
Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
Clade neomura Cavalier-Smith, 1987
Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
Clade discaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade dorsates Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade podiates Cavalier-Smith, 2012
Clade Amorphea Adl et al. 2012 [Simpson, Medina & Adl 2020]
Clade Obazoa Brown, Sharpe, Silberman, Heiss, Lang, Simpson & Roger 2013
Clade Opisthokonta Cavalier-Smith 1987 [Simpson & Medina 2020] - animal-fungal clade
Superkingdom Holozoa Lang, O'Kelly, Nerad, Gray & Burger, 2002
Clade filozoa Shalchian-Tabrizi, Minge, Espelund, Orr, Ruden, Jakobsen & Cavalier-Smith, 2008
Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
Clade Planulozoa Wallberg, Thollesson, Farris & Jondelius 2004
Subkingdom Bilateria Hatschek, 1888 - bilaterians
Clade Nephrozoa Jondelius, Ruiz-Trillo, Baguñà & Riutort 2002
Infrakingdom Protostomia Grobben, 1908
Superphylum Ecdysozoa Aguinaldo, Turbeville, Linford, Rivera, Garey, Raff & Lake, 1997
Panarthropoda Nielsen, 1995 - panarthropods
Tactopoda Budd, 2001
Phylum Arthropoda Siebold, 1848 - arthropods
Euarthropoda
Subphylum Chelicerata Heymons, 1901
Euchelicerata Weygoldt & Paulus, 1979
Prosomapoda Lamsdell, 2013
Planaterga Lamsdell, 2013
Dekatriata Lamsdell, 2013
Sclerophorata Kamenz, Staude & Dunlop, 2011
Class Arachnida Lamarck, 1801
Clade Micrura Hansen & Sørensen, 1904
Clade Pantetrapulmonata Shultz, 2007
Clade Tetrapulmonata Shultz, 1990
Superorder Serikodiastida Garwood & Dunlop, 2014
Order Araneida Clerck, 1757 - spiders
Suborder Araneae Clerck, 1757 - tailless spiders
Infraorder Opisthothelae Pocock, 1892 - unsegmented spiders
Clade Araneomorphae Smith, 1902
Clade "cylindrical gland [CY] spigot clade" Wheeler et al., 2017
Clade Dipneumonomorpha
Clade Entelegynae Simon, 1893
Superfamily Araneoidea Clerck, 1757
Family Araneidaeᵀ Clerck, 1757 - orb-weavers
Genus Gasteracantha Sundevall, 1833
01 Gasteracantha aciculata (Pocock, 1899)
02 Gasteracantha acutispina Dahl, 1914
03 Gasteracantha audouini Guérin, 1838
04 Gasteracantha beccarii Thorell, 1877
05 Gasteracantha biloba (Thorell, 1878)
06 Gasteracantha cancriformisᵀ (C. Linnaeus, 1758)
07 Gasteracantha clarki Emerit, 1974
08 Gasteracantha clavatrix (Walckenaer, 1841) Thorell, 1877
09 Gasteracantha clavigera Giebel, 1863
10 Gasteracantha crucigera Bradley, 1877
11 Gasteracantha curvispina (Guérin, 1837)
12 Gasteracantha curvistyla Dahl, 1914
13 Gasteracantha cuspidata C.L. Koch, 1837
14 Gasteracantha dalyi Pocock, 1900
15 Gasteracantha diadesmia Thorell, 1887
16 Gasteracantha diardi (Lucas, 1835)
17 Gasteracantha doriae Simon, 1877
18 Gasteracantha falcicornis Butler, 1873
19 Gasteracantha fasciata Guérin, 1838
20 Gasteracantha flava Nicolet, 1849
21 Gasteracantha fornicata (Fabricius, 1775)
22 Gasteracantha frontata Blackwall, 1864
23 Gasteracantha gambeyi Simon, 1877
24 Gasteracantha geminata (Fabricius, 1798)
25 Gasteracantha hasselti C.L. Koch, 1837
26 Gasteracantha hecata (Walckenaer, 1841)
27 Gasteracantha interrupta Dahl, 1914
28 Gasteracantha irradiata (Walckenaer, 1841)
29 Gasteracantha janopol Barrion & Litsinger, 1995
30 Gasteracantha kuhli C.L. Koch, 1837
31 Gasteracantha lepelletieri (Guérin, 1825)
32 Gasteracantha lunata Guérin, 1838
33 Gasteracantha martensi Dahl, 1914
34 Gasteracantha mediofusca (Doleschall, 1859)
35 Gasteracantha mengei Keyserling, 1864
36 Gasteracantha metallica (Pocock, 1898)
37 Gasteracantha milvoides Butler, 1873
38 Gasteracantha notata Kulczyn'ski, 1910
39 Gasteracantha panisicca Butler, 1873
40 Gasteracantha parangdiadesmia Barrion & Litsinger, 1995
41 Gasteracantha pentagona (Walckenaer, 1841)
42 Gasteracantha picta (Thorell, 1892)
43 Gasteracantha quadrispinosa O. P.-Cambridge, 1879
44 Gasteracantha recurva Simon, 1877
45 Gasteracantha regalis Butler, 1873
46 Gasteracantha remifera Butler, 1873
47 Gasteracantha rhomboidea Guérin, 1838
48 Gasteracantha rubrospinis Guérin, 1838
49 Gasteracantha rufithorax Simon, 1881
50 Gasteracantha sacerdotalis L. Koch, 1872
51 Gasteracantha sanguinea Dahl, 1914
52 Gasteracantha sanguinolenta C.L. Koch, 1844
53 Gasteracantha sapperi Dahl, 1914
54 Gasteracantha sauteri Dahl, 1914
55 Gasteracantha scintillans Butler, 1873
56 Gasteracantha signifera Pocock, 1898
57 Gasteracantha simoni O. P.-Cambridge, 1879
58 Gasteracantha sororna Butler, 1873
59 Gasteracantha sturi (Doleschall, 1857)
60 Gasteracantha subaequispina Dahl, 1914
61 Gasteracantha taeniata (Walckenaer, 1841) L. Koch, 1871
62 Gasteracantha theisi Guérin, 1838
63 Gasteracantha thomasinsulae Archer, 1951
64 Gasteracantha thorelli Keyserling, 1864
65 Gasteracantha tondanae Pocock, 1897
66 Gasteracantha transversa C.L. Koch, 1837
67 Gasteracantha unguifera Simon, 1889
68 Gasteracantha versicolor (Walckenaer, 1841) Dahl, 1914
69 Gasteracantha westringi Keyserling, 1864