Natura - nature
   actualia - actual entities
     Mundus Plinius - physical world
       naturalia - natural bodies
         Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
           Clade neomura Cavalier-Smith, 1987
             Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
               Clade discaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
                 Clade dorsates Cavalier-Smith, 2021
                   Clade podiates Cavalier-Smith, 2012
                     Clade Amorphea Adl et al. 2012 [Simpson, Medina & Adl 2020]
                       Clade Obazoa Brown, Sharpe, Silberman, Heiss, Lang, Simpson & Roger 2013
                         Clade Opisthokonta Cavalier-Smith 1987 [Simpson & Medina 2020] - animal-fungal clade
                           Superkingdom Holozoa Lang, O'Kelly, Nerad, Gray & Burger, 2002
                             Clade filozoa Shalchian-Tabrizi, Minge, Espelund, Orr, Ruden, Jakobsen & Cavalier-Smith, 2008
                               Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
                                 Clade Planulozoa Wallberg, Thollesson, Farris & Jondelius 2004
                                   Subkingdom Bilateria Hatschek, 1888 - bilaterians
                                     Clade Nephrozoa Jondelius, Ruiz-Trillo, Baguñà & Riutort 2002
                                       Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Grobben, 1908
                                         Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
                                           Subphylum Craniata auct.
                                             Infraphylum Vertebrata Lamarck, 1801 - vertebrates
                                               Clade Pan-Gnathostomata Downs 2020
                                                 Superclass †Pteraspidomorphi Goodrich, 1909 [monotypic]
                                                   Class †Pteraspidomorphaᵀ
                                                     Subclass †Heterostraci Lankester, 1868
                                                       Order †Cyathaspidiformes Kiaer, 1930 [paraphyletic]
                                                         Family †Amphiaspididae Obruchev, 1939
                                                           1? Genus †Amphiaspisᵀ Obruchev, 1936
                                                           2? Genus †Gunaspis Bystrow, 1959
                                                           3? Genus †Sanidaspis Bystrow, 1959
                                                           4 Genus †Putoranaspis Obruchev, 1964, sedis mutabilis
                                                           5 Genus †Hibernaspis Obruchev, 1939, sedis mutabilis
                                                           6.1.1 Genus †Tareyaspis Novitskaya, 1968
                                                           6.1.2 Genus †Pelaspis Novitskaya, 1971
                                                           6.2.1.1 Genus †Olbiaspis Obruchev, 1964
                                                           6.2.1.2 Genus †Dotaspis Novitskaya & German, 1983
                                                           6.2.2.1 Genus †Siberiaspis Obruchev, 1964
                                                           6.2.2.2 Genus †Angaraspis Obruchev, 1964
                                                           6.3.1 Genus †Gabreyaspis Novitskaya, 1968
                                                           6.3.2.1 Genus †Prosarctaspis Novitskaya, 1968, sedis mutabilis
                                                           6.3.2.2 Genus †Kureykaspis Novitskaya, 1968, sedis mutabilis
                                                           6.3.2.3 Genus †Gerronaspis Novitskaya, 1971, sedis mutabilis
                                                           6.3.2.4 Genus †Edaphaspis Novitskaya, 1968, sedis mutabilis
                                                           6.3.2.5.1 Genus †Argyriaspis Novitskaya, 1971
                                                           6.3.2.5.2.1 Genus †Litotaspis Novitskaya, 1971, sedis mutabilis
                                                           6.3.2.5.2.2 Genus †Aphataspis Obruchev, 1964, sedis mutabilis
                                                           6.3.2.5.2.3.1 Genus †Lecaniaspis Novitskaya, 1971
                                                           6.3.2.5.2.3.2 Genus †Eglonaspis Obruchev, 1959
                                                           6.3.2.5.2.4.1 Genus †Tuxeraspis Novitskaya, 1971
                                                           6.3.2.5.2.4.1.0 [Genus †"Tuxeraspsis" Randle, 2017, nom. ined., orth. inval.] see Genus Tuxeraspis Novitskaya, 1971
                                                           6.3.2.5.2.4.2.1 Genus †Pelurgaspis Obruchev, 1964
                                                           6.3.2.5.2.4.2.2 Genus †Empedaspis Novitskaya, 1971