Class Mammalia Linnaeus, 1758 - mammals
   Subclass Theria Parker & Haswell, 1897
     Order Carnivora Bowdich, 1821 - carnivores
       Suborder Caniformia Kretzoi, 1943
         Family Ursidae Batsch, 1788 - bears
           Genus Ursus Linnaeus, 1758 - black, brown, polar, sun, and sloth bears
             Ursus americanus Pallas, 1780 - American black bear
               01 [Ursus americanus americanus] Pallas, 1780 - American black bear
               02 Ursus americanus altifrontalis Elliot, 1903
               03 Ursus americanus amblyceps Baird, 1859
               04 Ursus americanus californiensis Miller, 1900
               05 Ursus americanus carlottae Osgood, 1901
               06 Ursus americanus cinnamomum Audubon & Bachman, 1854
               07 Ursus americanus emmonsii Dall, 1895
               08 Ursus americanus eremicus Merriam, 1904
               09 Ursus americanus floridanus Merriam, 1896
               10 Ursus americanus hamiltoni Cameron, 1957
               11 Ursus americanus kermodei Hornaday, 1905
               12 Ursus americanus luteolus Griffith, 1821 - Louisiana black bear
               13 Ursus americanus machetes Elliot, 1903
               14 Ursus americanus perniger Allen, 1910
               15 Ursus americanus pugnax Swarth, 1911
               16 Ursus americanus vancouveri Hall, 1928