Natura - nature
   actualia - actual entities
     Mundus Plinius - physical world
       naturalia - natural bodies
         [crown] Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
           Clade neomura Cavalier-Smith, 1987
             Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
               Clade discaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
                 Clade natates Cavalier-Smith, 2021
                   Clade photaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
                     Clade eucorta Cavalier-Smith, 2021
                       Superkingdom Corticata Lankester, 1878 - corticates
                         Kingdom Chromista Caval.-Sm. (1981) - chromists
                           Subkingdom Harosa Cavalier-Smith, 2010
                             [crown] Clade Sar Adl et al. 2012 [Simpson & Dunthorn 2020]
                               Infrakingdom Halvaria Cavalier-Smith, 2010
                                 Superphylum Heterokonta Caval.-Sm. (1986)
                                   Phylum Ochrophyta Caval.-Sm. (1995)
                                     Subphylum Phaeista Caval.-Sm. (1995)
                                       Infraphylum Marista Caval.-Sm. (2006)
                                         Superclass Fucistia Caval.-Sm. (1995)
                                           Class Phaeophyceae Hansgirg (1886) - brown algae
                                             Order Laminariales Migula (1908)
                                               Family Laminariaceaeᵀ Bory (1827)
                                                 Genus Laminariaᵀ J.V.F. Lamouroux (1813), nom. cons.
                                                   Laminaria aculeata
                                                   Laminaria agardhii Kjellman (1877)
                                                   Laminaria angustata Kjellman
                                                   Laminaria digitata (Huds.) J.V.Lamour. (1813) - tangle
                                                   Laminaria groenlandica Rosenvinge
                                                   Laminaria hyperborea (Gunnerus) Foslie (1884) - scread
                                                   Laminaria japonica Areschoug (1851)
                                                   Laminaria longicruris Bachelot de la Pylaie
                                                   Laminaria nigripes J.Agardh (1868)
                                                   Laminaria ochroleuca Bachelot de la Pylaie (1824)
                                                   Laminaria rodriguezii Bornet
                                                   Laminaria saccharina (L.) J.V.Lamour. (1813) - poor man's weather glass
                                                   Laminaria setchellii P.C.Silva
                                                   Laminaria solidungula J.Agardh (1868)