living organisms see Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
   Superkingdom Eukaryotae see Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925
     Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
       Subkingdom Eumetazoa Butschli, 1910 see [unranked] Eumetazoa Bütschli, 1910
         Phylum Mollusca Linnaeus, 1758 - molluscs
           Class Gastropoda Cuvier, 1795 - snails and slugs
             Subclass Pulmonata Cuvier, 1814 - land snails and slugs see Order Pulmonata Cuvier, 1814
               Order Stylommatophora Schmidt, 1855 see Infraorder Stylommatophora Schmidt, 1855
                 Suborder Orthurethra Pilsbry, 1900
                   Superfamily Pupillacea Turton, 1831 see Superfamily Pupilloidea Turton, 1831
                     Family Pupillidae Turton, 1831
                       1 Subfamily Pupillinae Turton, 1831 see Family Pupillidae Turton, 1831
                       2 Subfamily Gastrocoptinae Pilsbry, 1918
                       3 Subfamily Orculinae Pilsbry, 1918
                       4 Subfamily Chondrininae Steenberg, 1925 see Family Chondrinidae Steenberg, 1925
                       5 Subfamily Lauriinae Steenberg, 1925 see Family Lauriidae Steenberg, 1925
                       6 Subfamily Hypselostomatinae Zilch, 1959 see Subfamily Gastrocoptinae Pilsbry, 1918
                       7 Subfamily Aulacospirinae Zilch, 1959 see Subfamily Gastrocoptinae Pilsbry, 1918