[living organisms] see Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020] Superkingdom Eukaryota Whittaker & Margulis, 1978 see Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 Kingdom Plantae Haeckel (1866) - plants Subkingdom Viridiplantae Caval.-Sm. (1981) - green plants Infrakingdom Streptophyta Caval.-Sm. (1993) Superphylum Embryophyta Engl. (1887) - land plants see Clade Embryophyta Engler 1887 [Mishler & Qiu 2020] Phylum Tracheophyta Sinnott ex Caval.-Sm. (1998) - vascular plants Subphylum Polypodiophytina Reveal (1996) [monotypic] Class Polypodiopsida Cronquist, Takht. & Zimmerm. (1966) - ferns Subclass Ophioglossidae Klinge (1882) Order Ophioglossales Link (1833)