Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
   Phylum Craniata Linnaeus, 1758 see Subphylum Vertebrata Cuvier, 1812
     Pisces
       Class Elasmobranchii Bonaparte, 1838 see Subclass Elasmobranchii Bonaparte, 1838
         Order Rajiformes Berg, 1940 - skates
           01 Family Rhinobatidae Müller & Henle, 1838 - guitarfishes
           02 Family Arhynchobatidae Fowler, 1934
           03 Family Rajidae Blainville, 1816 - skates
           04 Family Anacanthobatidae von Bonde & Swart, 1923 - smooth skates
           05 Family Plesiobatidae Nishida, 1990 - deepwater stingrays
           06 Family Hexatrygonidae Heemstra & Smith, 1980 - sixgill stingrays
           07 Family Dasyatidae Jordan, 1888 - stingrays
           08 Family Gymnuridae Fowler, 1934 - butterfly rays
           09 Family Myliobatidae Bonaparte, 1835
           10 Family Urolophidae Müller & Henle, 1841 - round stingrays
           11 Family Potamotrygonidae Garman, 1877 - river stingrays
           12 Family Urotrygonidae McEachran et al., 1996