pantherine cats Pocock, 1917
   Genus Panthera Oken, 1816 - big cats
     Subgenus Panthera Oken, 1816 - leopard
       Panthera leo (Linnaeus, 1758) - lion
         †spelaea group
           1 †Panthera leo fossilis - Early Middle Pleistocene European cave lion
           2 †Panthera leo vereshchagini - East Siberian and Beringian cave lion
           3 †Panthera leo atrox - North American cave lion
           4 †Panthera leo spelaea (Goldfuss, 1810) - Upper Pleistocene European cave lion