Infraphylum [Gnathostomata] Gegenbaur, 1874 - jawed vertebrates see Superclass Gnathostomata Gegenbaur, 1874
   Megaclass Osteichthyes Huxley, 1880 see Clade Osteichthyes Huxley 1880 [Moore & Near 2020]
     Superclass Actinopterygii Woodward, 1891 see Clade Actinopterygii Woodward 1891 [Moore & Near 2020]
       Class Actinopteri Cope, 1871
         Subclass Chondrostei Müller, 1844 [monotypic]
           Order Acipenseriformes Berg, 1940 - paddlefishes and sturgeons
             1 Family Acipenseridae Bonaparte, 1831 - sturgeons
             2 Family Polyodontidae Bonaparte, 1835 - paddlefishes