[organisms] see Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
   Pisces
     Class Osteichthyes Huxley, 1880 - bony fishes and tetrapods see Clade Osteichthyes Huxley 1880 [Moore & Near 2020]
       Order Clupeiformes Goodrich, 1909 - herrings
         Family Clupeidae Cuvier, 1816 - herrings and sprats
           Genus Sardina Antipa, 1904
             Sardina pilchardus (Walbaum, 1792) - true sardine