Natura - nature
actualia - actual entities
Mundus Plinius - physical world
naturalia - natural bodies
[crown] Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
Clade neomura Cavalier-Smith, 1987
Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
Clade discaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade dorsates Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade podiates Cavalier-Smith, 2012
[crown] Clade Amorphea Adl et al. 2012 [Simpson, Medina & Adl 2020]
[crown] Clade Obazoa Brown, Sharpe, Silberman, Heiss, Lang, Simpson & Roger 2013
[crown] Clade Opisthokonta Cavalier-Smith 1987 [Simpson & Medina 2020] - animal-fungal clade
Superkingdom Holozoa Lang, O'Kelly, Nerad, Gray & Burger, 2002
Clade filozoa Shalchian-Tabrizi, Minge, Espelund, Orr, Ruden, Jakobsen & Cavalier-Smith, 2008
Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
Clade Planulozoa Wallberg, Thollesson, Farris & Jondelius 2004
Subkingdom Bilateria Hatschek, 1888 - bilaterians
Clade Nephrozoa Jondelius, Ruiz-Trillo, Baguñà & Riutort 2002
Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Grobben, 1908
Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
Subphylum Vertebrata Cuvier, 1812 - vertebrates
Myopterygii - myopterygians
Superclass Gnathostomata Gegenbaur, 1874 - jawed vertebrates
Grade Teleostomi Bonaparte, 1836
Euteleostomi - bony vertebrates
Class Actinopterygii Woodward, 1891 - ray-finned fishes
[crown] Actinopteri Cope, 1871
Subclass Neopterygii Regan, 1923
Infraclass Teleostei Müller, 1845
Supercohort Teleocephala de Pinna, 1996
Clupeocephala
Cohort Otomorpha E.O. Wiley & G.D. Johnson, 2010
Subcohort Ostariophysi Sagemehl, 1885
Section Otophysa (Rosen & Greenwood, 1970)
Cypriniphysi
Superorder Characiphysae (Fink & Fink, 1981)
Order Characiformesᵀ Goodrich, 1909 - characins
Suborder Characoideiᵀ
Superfamily Characoideaᵀ
Family Characidaeᵀ - characins
Subfamily Serrasalminae - piranhas and allies
Genus Serrasalmusᵀ Lacepède, 1803 - piranha
Serrasalmus altispinis Merckx, Jégu & Santos, 2000
Serrasalmus altuvei Ramírez, 1965
Serrasalmus brandtii Lütken, 1875
Serrasalmus compressus Jégu, Leão & dos Santos, 1991
Serrasalmus eigenmanni Norman, 1929
Serrasalmus elongatus Kner, 1858 - slender piranha
Serrasalmus geryi Jégu & Santos, 1988
Serrasalmus gibbus Castelnau, 1855
Serrasalmus gouldingi Fink & Machado-Allison, 1992
Serrasalmus hastatus Fink & Machado-Allison, 2001
Serrasalmus hollandi Eigenmann, 1915
Serrasalmus humeralis Valenciennes, 1850 - pirambeba
Serrasalmus irritans Peters, 1877
Serrasalmus maculatus Kner, 1858
Serrasalmus manueli (Fernández-Yépez & Ramírez, 1967)
Serrasalmus marginatus Valenciennes, 1836
Serrasalmus medinai Ramírez, 1965
Serrasalmus nalseni Fernández-Yépez, 1969
Serrasalmus neveriensis Machado-Allison, Fink, López Rojas & Rodenas, 1993
Serrasalmus nigricans (Agassiz, 1829)
Serrasalmus rhombeus (C. Linnaeus, 1766) - black piranha
Serrasalmus sanchezi Géry, 1964
Serrasalmus serrulatus (Valenciennes, 1850)
Serrasalmus spilopleura Kner, 1858 - dark-banded piranha