Natura - nature
Count: 14k;234p;890c;1643o;9905f;114,238g;258,273s;29,231ss;2072v;35,692;112e; ‡2o;20f;119g;518s;110ss;1v;7; †6p;91c;608o;3558f;17,820g;6466s;207ss;2v;496;14e
actualia - actual entities
Count: 14k;234p;890c;1643o;9905f;114,238g;258,268s;29,231ss;2072v;35,692;112e; ‡2o;20f;119g;518s;110ss;1v;7; †6p;91c;608o;3558f;17,820g;6466s;207ss;2v;496;14e
Mundus Plinius - physical world
Count: 14k;234p;890c;1643o;9905f;114,238g;258,268s;29,231ss;2072v;35,690;112e; ‡2o;20f;119g;518s;110ss;1v;7; †6p;91c;608o;3558f;17,820g;6466s;207ss;2v;496;14e
naturalia - natural bodies
Count: 8k;234p;890c;1643o;9829f;114,228g;257,844s;29,231ss;2041v;11; ‡2o;20f;119g;518s;110ss;1v; †6p;91c;608o;3558f;17,820g;6466s;207ss;2v;104
[crown] Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
Count: 6k;234p;415c;1635o;9829f;114,185g;254,617s;29,229ss;2013v;11; ‡2o;20f;119g;518s;110ss;1v; †6p;91c;607o;3558f;17,811g;6426s;207ss;2v;104
Clade neomura Cavalier-Smith, 1987
Count: 6k;89p;344c;1479o;9331f;110,640g;238,293s;28,828ss;1995v;4; ‡2o;20f;119g;518s;110ss;1v; †6p;91c;607o;3557f;17,804g;6417s;207ss;2v;104
Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
Count: 6k;84p;334c;1460o;9299f;110,513g;237,847s;28,828ss;1995v;4; ‡2o;20f;119g;518s;110ss;1v; †6p;91c;607o;3557f;17,804g;6417s;207ss;2v;104
Clade discaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Count: 5k;83p;333c;1459o;9297f;110,373g;237,822s;28,828ss;1995v;4; ‡2o;20f;119g;518s;110ss;1v; †6p;90c;605o;3537f;17,621g;6331s;201ss;2v;104
Clade dorsates Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Count: [p] 3k;56p;187c;849o;7231f;88,375g;216,877s;28,335ss;507v;3; ‡2o;20f;118g;514s;110ss;1v; †4p;70c;502o;3021f;13,391g;5184s;107ss;2v;104 [26 Jan 2024]
Clade podiates Cavalier-Smith, 2012
Count: [p] 3k;56p;186c;848o;7229f;88,371g;216,869s;28,335ss;507v;3; ‡2o;20f;118g;514s;110ss;1v; †4p;70c;502o;3021f;13,391g;5184s;107ss;2v;104 [26 Jan 2024]
[crown] Clade Amorphea Adl et al. 2012 [Simpson, Medina & Adl 2020]
Count: [p] 3k;56p;183c;845o;7224f;88,365g;216,864s;28,335ss;507v;3; ‡2o;20f;118g;514s;110ss;1v; †4p;70c;502o;3021f;13,391g;5184s;107ss;2v;104 [26 Jan 2024]
[crown] Clade Obazoa Brown, Sharpe, Silberman, Heiss, Lang, Simpson & Roger 2013
Count: [p] 3k;55p;176c;826o;7170f;88,203g;216,582s;28,333ss;507v;3; ‡2o;20f;118g;514s;110ss;1v; †4p;70c;502o;3021f;13,391g;5184s;107ss;2v;104 [26 Jan 2024]
[crown] Clade Opisthokonta Cavalier-Smith 1987 [Simpson & Medina 2020] - animal-fungal clade
Count: [p] 3k;55p;174c;824o;7167f;88,194g;216,571s;28,333ss;507v;3; ‡2o;20f;118g;514s;110ss;1v; †4p;70c;502o;3021f;13,391g;5184s;107ss;2v;104 [26 Jan 2024]
Superkingdom Holozoa Lang, O'Kelly, Nerad, Gray & Burger, 2002
Count: [p] 1k;33p;95c;582o;6230f;78,878g;214,219s;28,325ss;483v;3; ‡2o;20f;118g;514s;110ss;1v; †4p;69c;501o;3020f;12,905g;5175s;107ss;2v;104 [25 Aug 2019]
Clade filozoa Shalchian-Tabrizi, Minge, Espelund, Orr, Ruden, Jakobsen & Cavalier-Smith, 2008
Count: [p] 1k;33p;94c;579o;6219f;78,847g;214,171s;28,325ss;483v;1; ‡2o;20f;118g;514s;110ss;1v; †4p;69c;501o;3020f;12,905g;5175s;107ss;2v;104 [25 Aug 2019]
Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
Count: [p] 33p;92c;576o;6214f;78,792g;214,104s;28,325ss;482v;1; ‡2o;20f;118g;514s;110ss;1v; †4p;69c;501o;3020f;12,905g;5175s;107ss;2v;104
Clade Planulozoa Wallberg, Thollesson, Farris & Jondelius 2004
Count: 31p;86c;541o;6049f;78,029g;213,554s;28,306ss;471v;1; ‡2o;20f;118g;514s;110ss;1v; †2p;63c;472o;2723f;11,405g;4921s;107ss;2v;104
Subkingdom Bilateria Hatschek, 1888 - bilaterians
Count: 29p;80c;518o;5812f;77,137g;212,817s;28,301ss;463v;1; ‡2o;20f;118g;514s;110ss;1v; †2p;58c;458o;2710f;11,281g;4825s;107ss;2v;104
Clade Nephrozoa Jondelius, Ruiz-Trillo, Baguñà & Riutort 2002
Count: 28p;78c;516o;5788f;77,051g;212,795s;28,301ss;463v;1; ‡2o;20f;118g;514s;110ss;1v; †1p;55c;458o;2706f;11,261g;4803s;107ss;2v;104
Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Grobben, 1908
Count: [p] 3p;18c;190o;1248f;10,492g;62,113s;12,707ss;308v;1; ‡2o;19f;115g;413s;102ss;1v; †1p;28c;278o;1167f;7716g;3164s;75ss;1v;104 [27 Apr 2019]
Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
Count: 9c;149o;1087f;9946g;61,722s;12,699ss;306v;1; ‡2o;19f;115g;413s;102ss;1v; †7c;221o;1145f;7573g;3111s;70ss;1v;104
Subphylum Vertebrata Cuvier, 1812 - vertebrates
Count: [f†c] 6c;142o;1063f;9855g;61,522s;12,695ss;306v;1; ‡2o;19f;115g;413s;102ss;1v; †7c;221o;1145f;7568g;3110s;70ss;1v;104
Myopterygii - myopterygians
Count: 5c;140o;1059f;9840g;61,403s;12,695ss;306v;1; ‡2o;19f;115g;413s;102ss;1v; †5c;206o;1129f;7247g;3098s;68ss;1v;104
Superclass Gnathostomata Gegenbaur, 1874 - jawed vertebrates
Count: 5c;140o;1059f;9840g;61,403s;12,695ss;306v;1; ‡2o;19f;115g;413s;102ss;1v; †2c;197o;1101f;7168g;3060s;68ss;1v;104
Grade Teleostomi Bonaparte, 1836
Count: 4c;126o;1005f;9645g;60,243s;12,693ss;306v;1; ‡2o;19f;115g;413s;102ss;1v; †1c;162o;997f;6874g;2994s;68ss;1v;104
Euteleostomi - bony vertebrates
Count: 4c;126o;1005f;9645g;60,243s;12,693ss;306v;1; ‡2o;19f;115g;413s;102ss;1v; †159o;987f;6816g;2984s;68ss;1v;104
Class Actinopterygii Woodward, 1891 - ray-finned fishes
Count: 59o;475f;4568g;28,396s;538ss;3v; ‡3g;21s;4ss; †33o;149f;464g;160s
[crown] Actinopteri Cope, 1871
Count: 58o;474f;4566g;28,384s;528ss;3v; ‡3g;21s;4ss; †30o;144f;446g;153s
Subclass Neopterygii Regan, 1923
Count: 57o;472f;4560g;28,356s;524ss;3v; ‡3g;21s;4ss; †18o;106f;344g;85s
Infraclass Teleostei Müller, 1845
Count: 55o;470f;4557g;28,348s;524ss;3v; ‡3g;21s;4ss; †11o;84f;243g;76s
Supercohort Teleocephala de Pinna, 1996
Count: 55o;470f;4557g;28,348s;524ss;3v; ‡3g;21s;4ss; †7o;69f;220g;74s
Clupeocephala
Count: 49o;438f;4356g;27,185s;488ss;3v; ‡3g;21s;4ss; †6o;58f;140g;69s
Cohort Otomorpha E.O. Wiley & G.D. Johnson, 2010
Count: [*] 6o;77f;1324g;9879s;151ss; ‡2g;17s;2ss; †2o;5f;49g;47s
Subcohort Ostariophysi Sagemehl, 1885
Count: [*] 5o;72f;1237g;9504s;137ss; ‡2g;17s;2ss; †1o;5f;47g;47s
Section Otophysa (Rosen & Greenwood, 1970)
Count: [*] 4o;68f;1230g;9467s;137ss; ‡2g;17s;2ss; †4f;33g;47s
Cypriniphysi
Count: 4o;68f;1230g;9467s;137ss; ‡2g;17s;2ss; †4f;29g;47s
Superorder Cyprinaeᵀ Wiley & Johnson, 2010 [monotypic]
Count: 1o;8f;462g;4067s;116ss; ‡2g;16s;2ss; †15g;41s
Order Cypriniformesᵀ Rafinesque, 1810 - carps
Count: [f] 8f;462g;4067s;116ss; ‡2g;16s;2ss; †15g;41s
Superfamily Cobitoidea Swainson, 1839
Count: [*] 6f;113g;1149s;14ss; ‡2s; †2g;9s [23 Dec 2012]
Family Cobitidaeᵀ Swainson, 1839 - loaches
Count: [*] 28g;243s;2ss; †3s [1 Dec 2012]
Subfamily Cobitinaeᵀ Swainson, 1839
Count: [*] 21g;186s;2ss; †3s [1 Dec 2012]
Genus Cobitisᵀ Linnaeus, 1758
Count: [*] 72s; †3s [28 Nov 2012]
[Cobitis albicoloris Chichkoff, 1932]
see Sabanejewia bulgarica (Drensky, 1928)
Count: -
[Cobitis anableps Linnaeus, 1758]
see Anableps anableps (C. Linnaeus, 1758)
Count: -
[Cobitis anguillicaudata Cantor, 1842]
see Misgurnus anguillicaudatus (Cantor, 1842)
Count: -
[Cobitis aralensis Kessler, 1877]
see Sabanejewia aurata aralensis (Kessler, 1877)
Count: -
[Cobitis argyrogramma Heckel, 1847]
see Oxynoemacheilus argyrogramma (Heckel, 1847)
Count: -
[Cobitis aurata De Filippi, 1863]
see Sabanejewia aurata (De Filippi, 1863)
Count: -
[Cobitis balcanica Karaman, 1922]
see Sabanejewia balcanica (Karaman, 1922)
Count: -
[Cobitis balgara Hamilton, 1822]
see Lepidocephalichthys guntea (Hamilton, 1822)
Count: -
[Cobitis barbatula Linnaeus, 1758]
see Barbatula barbatula (Linnaeus, 1758)
Count: -
[Cobitis botia Hamilton, 1822]
see Acanthocobitis botia (Hamilton, 1822)
Count: -
[Cobitis boutanensis McClelland, 1842]
see Paracobitis boutanensis (McClelland, 1842)
Count: -
[Cobitis bulgarica Drensky, 1928]
see Sabanejewia bulgarica (Drensky, 1928)
Count: -
[Cobitis caspia Eichwald, 1838]
see Sabanejewia caspia (Eichwald, 1838)
Count: -
[Cobitis caucasica Berg, 1906]
see Sabanejewia caucasica (Berg, 1906)
Count: -
[Cobitis choirorhynchos Bleeker, 1854]
see Acantopsis choirorhynchos (Bleeker, 1854)
Count: -
[Cobitis chrysolaimos Valenciennes, 1846]
see Nemacheilus chrysolaimos (Valenciennes, 1846)
Count: -
[Cobitis cincticauda Blyth, 1860]
see Schistura cincticauda (Blyth, 1860)
Count: -
[Cobitis conspersa Cantoni, 1882]
see Sabanejewia larvata (De Filippi, 1859)
Count: -
[Cobitis corica Hamilton, 1822]
see Nemacheilus corica (Hamilton, 1822)
Count: -
[Cobitis dario Hamilton, 1822]
see Botia dario (Hamilton, 1822)
Count: -
[Cobitis delicata Niwa, 1937]
see Niwaella delicata (Niwa, 1937)
Count: -
[Cobitis dorsalis Kessler, 1872]
see Triplophysa dorsalis (Kessler, 1872)
Count: -
[Cobitis fasciata Valenciennes, 1846]
see Nemacheilus fasciatus (Valenciennes, 1846)
Count: -
[Cobitis fossilis Linnaeus, 1758]
see Misgurnus fossilis (Linnaeus, 1758)
Count: -
[Cobitis frenata Heckel, 1843]
see Orthrias frenatus (Heckel, 1843)
Count: -
[Cobitis fundulus Wulff, 1765]
see Gobio gobio (Linnaeus, 1758)
Count: -
[Cobitis furstenbergii Bonaparte, 1846]
see Barbatula barbatula (Linnaeus, 1758)
Count: -
[Cobitis galilaea Günther, 1864]
see Oxynoemacheilus galilaeus (Günther, 1864)
Count: -
[Cobitis geto Hamilton, 1822]
see Botia dario (Hamilton, 1822)
Count: -
[Cobitis gongota Hamilton, 1822]
see Canthophrys gongota (Hamilton, 1822)
Count: -
[Cobitis guntea Hamilton, 1822]
see Lepidocephalichthys guntea (Hamilton, 1822)
Count: -
[Cobitis haasi Klausewitz, 1955]
see Cobitis paludica (de Buen, 1930)
Count: -
[Cobitis hasselti Valenciennes, 1846]
see Lepidocephalichthys hasselti (Valenciennes, 1846)
Count: -
[Cobitis heteroclita Linnaeus, 1766]
see Fundulus heteroclitus heteroclitus (C. Linnaeus, 1766)
Count: -
[Cobitis hohenackeri Kessler, 1877]
see Sabanejewia aurata (De Filippi, 1863)
Count: -
[Cobitis hymenophysa Bleeker, 1852]
see Syncrossus hymenophysa (Bleeker, 1852)
Count: -
[Cobitis insignis Heckel, 1843]
see Oxynoemacheilus insignis (Heckel, 1843)
Count: -
[Cobitis laterimaculata Yan & Zheng, 1984]
see Niwaella laterimaculata (Yan & Zheng, 1984)
Count: -
[Cobitis macracanthus Bleeker, 1852]
see Chromobotia macracanthus (Bleeker, 1852) Kottelat, 2004
Count: -
[Cobitis misgurnoides Rendahl, 1944]
see Microcobitis misgurnoides (Rendahl, 1944)
Count: -
[Cobitis multifasciata Wakiya & Mori, 1929]
see Kichulchoia multifasciata (Wakiya & Mori, 1929)
Count: -
[Cobitis rotundicaudata Wakiya & Mori, 1929]
see Koreocobitis rotundicaudata (Wakiya & Mori, 1929)
Count: -
[Cobitis zonalternans Blyth, 1860]
see Acanthocobitis zonalternans (Blyth, 1860)
Count: -
01 †Cobitis centrochir Agassiz, 1835
Count: -
02 †Cobitis cephalotes Agassiz, 1832
Count: -
03 †Cobitis longipectoralis
Count: -
04 Cobitis amphilekta Vasil'eva & Vasil'ev, 2012
Count: -
05 Cobitis arachthosensis Economidis & Nalbant, 1996
Count: -
06 Cobitis arenae (Lin, 1934)
Count: -
07 Cobitis battalgili Băcescu, 1962
Count: -
08 Cobitis bilineata Canestrini, 1866
Count: -
09 Cobitis bilseli Battalgil, 1942
Count: -
10 Cobitis biwae Jordan & Snyder, 1901
Count: -
11 Cobitis calderoni Băcescu, 1962
Count: -
12 Cobitis choii Kim & Son, 1984
Count: -
12.0 [Cobitis lebedevi Vasil'eva & Vasil'ev, 1985]
see Cobitis choii Kim & Son, 1984
Count: -
13 Cobitis dalmatina Karaman, 1928
Count: -
14 Cobitis dolichorhynchus Nichols, 1918
Count: -
15 Cobitis elazigensis Coad & Sarieyyüpoglu, 1988
Count: -
16 Cobitis elongata Heckel & Kner, 1858 - Balkan Loach
Count: -
17 Cobitis elongatoides Băcescu & Mayer, 1969
Count: -
18 Cobitis evreni Erk'akan, Özeren & Nalbant, 2008
Count: -
19 Cobitis fahirae Erk'akan, Atalay-Ekmekçi & Nalbant, 1998
Count: -
19.0 ["Cobitis fahireae" Ludwig et al., 2001, nom. null.]
see Cobitis fahirae Erk'akan, Atalay-Ekmekçi & Nalbant, 1998
Count: -
20 Cobitis faridpaki Mousavi-Sabet, Vasil'eva, Vatandoust & Vasil'ev, 2011
Count: -
21 Cobitis granoei Rendahl, 1935
Count: -
22 Cobitis hankugensis Kim, Park, Son & Nalbant, 2003
Count: -
22.0 ["Cobitis hangkugensis" nom. null.]
see Cobitis hankugensis Kim, Park, Son & Nalbant, 2003
Count: -
23 Cobitis hellenica Economidis & Nalbant, 1996
Count: -
24 Cobitis illyrica Freyhof & Stelbrink, 2007
Count: -
25 Cobitis jadovaensis Mustafic & Mrakovcic, 2008
Count: -
26 Cobitis kellei Erk'akan, Atalay-Ekmekçi & Nalbant, 1998
Count: -
27 Cobitis keyvani Sabet, Yerli, Vatandoust, Özeren & Moradkhani, 2012
Count: -
28 Cobitis kurui Erk'akan, Atalay-Ekmekçi & Nalbant, 1998
Count: -
29 Cobitis laoensis (Sauvage, 1878)
Count: -
30 Cobitis levantina Krupp & Moubayed, 1992
Count: -
31 Cobitis linea (Heckel, 1847)
Count: -
32 Cobitis longitaeniatus Ngô, 2008
Count: -
33 Cobitis lutheri Rendahl, 1935
Count: -
34 Cobitis macrostigma Dabry de Thiersant, 1872
Count: -
35 Cobitis maroccana Pellegrin, 1929
Count: -
36 Cobitis matsubarai Okada & Ikeda, 1939
Count: -
37 Cobitis megaspila Nalbant, 1993
Count: -
38 Cobitis melanoleuca Nichols, 1925
Count: -
39 Cobitis meridionalis Karaman, 1924
Count: -
40 Cobitis microcephala Chen & Chen, 2011
Count: -
41 Cobitis multimaculata Chen & Chen, 2011
Count: -
42 Cobitis narentana Karaman, 1928
Count: -
43 Cobitis nuicocensis Nguyen & Vo, 2005
Count: -
44 Cobitis ohridana Karaman, 1928
Count: -
45 Cobitis pacifica Kim, Park & Nalbant, 1999
Count: -
46 Cobitis paludica (de Buen, 1930)
Count: -
47 Cobitis peschevi Sivkov & Dobrovolov, 1984
Count: -
48 Cobitis phongnhaensis Ngô, 2008
Count: -
49 Cobitis phrygica Battalgazi, 1944
Count: -
50 Cobitis pontica Vasil'eva & Vasil'ev, 2006
Count: -
51 Cobitis puncticulata Erk'akan, Atalay-Ekmekçi & Nalbant, 1998
Count: -
52 Cobitis punctilineata Economidis & Nalbant, 1996
Count: -
53 Cobitis rara Chen, 1981, nom. corr.
Count: -
54 Cobitis rhodopensis Vassilev, 1998
Count: -
55 Cobitis satunini Gladkov, 1935
Count: -
56 Cobitis shikokuensis Suzawa, 2006
Count: -
57 Cobitis simplicispina Hankó, 1925
Count: -
58 Cobitis sinensis Sauvage & Dabry de Thiersant, 1874
Count: -
59 Cobitis splendens Erk'akan, Atalay-Ekmekçi & Nalbant, 1998
Count: -
60 Cobitis squataeniatus Ngô, 2008
Count: -
61 Cobitis stephanidisi Economidis, 1992
Count: -
62 Cobitis striata Ikeda, 1936
Count: -
63 Cobitis strumicae Karaman, 1955
Count: -
64 Cobitis taeniaᵀ Linnaeus, 1758
Count: -
64.0 [Cobitis taena]
see Cobitis taenia Linnaeus, 1758
Count: -
65 Cobitis takatsuensis Mizuno, 1970
Count: -
66 Cobitis tanaitica Băcescu & Mayer, 1969
Count: -
66.0 [Cobitis rossomeridionalis Vasil'eva & Vasil'ev, 1998]
see Cobitis tanaitica Băcescu & Mayer, 1969
Count: -
67 Cobitis taurica Vasil'eva, Vasil'ev, Janko, Ráb & Rábová, 2005
Count: -
68 Cobitis tetralineata Kim, Park & Nalbant, 1999
Count: -
69 Cobitis trichonica Stephanidis, 1974
Count: -
70 Cobitis turcica Hankó, 1925
Count: -
71 Cobitis vardarensis Karaman, 1928
Count: -
72 Cobitis vettonica Doadrio & Perdices, 1997
Count: -
73 Cobitis ylengensis Ngô, 2003
Count: -
74 Cobitis zanandreai Cavicchioli, 1965
Count: -
75 Cobitis zhejiangensis Son & He, 2005
Count: -