Natura - nature
actualia - actual entities
Mundus Plinius - physical world
naturalia - natural bodies
[crown] Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
Clade neomura Cavalier-Smith, 1987
Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
Clade discaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade dorsates Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade podiates Cavalier-Smith, 2012
[crown] Clade Amorphea Adl et al. 2012 [Simpson, Medina & Adl 2020]
[crown] Clade Obazoa Brown, Sharpe, Silberman, Heiss, Lang, Simpson & Roger 2013
[crown] Clade Opisthokonta Cavalier-Smith 1987 [Simpson & Medina 2020] - animal-fungal clade
Superkingdom Holozoa Lang, O'Kelly, Nerad, Gray & Burger, 2002
Clade filozoa Shalchian-Tabrizi, Minge, Espelund, Orr, Ruden, Jakobsen & Cavalier-Smith, 2008
Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
Clade Planulozoa Wallberg, Thollesson, Farris & Jondelius 2004
Subkingdom Bilateria Hatschek, 1888 - bilaterians
Clade Nephrozoa Jondelius, Ruiz-Trillo, Baguñà & Riutort 2002
Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Grobben, 1908
Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
Subphylum Vertebrata Cuvier, 1812 - vertebrates
Myopterygii - myopterygians
Superclass Gnathostomata Gegenbaur, 1874 - jawed vertebrates
Grade Teleostomi Bonaparte, 1836
Euteleostomi - bony vertebrates
Class Actinopterygii Woodward, 1891 - ray-finned fishes
[crown] Actinopteri Cope, 1871
Subclass Neopterygii Regan, 1923
Infraclass Teleostei Müller, 1845
Supercohort Teleocephala de Pinna, 1996
Clupeocephala
Cohort Otomorpha E.O. Wiley & G.D. Johnson, 2010
Subcohort Ostariophysi Sagemehl, 1885
Section Otophysa (Rosen & Greenwood, 1970)
Cypriniphysi
Superorder Characiphysae (Fink & Fink, 1981)
Siluriphysi Fink & Fink, 1996
Order Siluriformesᵀ Rafinesque, 1810 - catfishes
Superfamily Loricarioidea Rafinesque, 1815
Family Loricariidaeᵀ Rafinesque, 1815 - suckermouth armored catfishes
Subfamily Hypostominae
Genus Hypostomusᵀ Lacepède, 1803
Hypostomus affinis (Steindachner, 1877)
Hypostomus agna (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1907)
Hypostomus alatus Castelanau, 1855
Hypostomus albopunctatus (Regan, 1908)
Hypostomus ancistroides (Ihering, 1911)
Hypostomus angipinnatus (Leege, 1922)
Hypostomus argus (Fowler, 1943)
Hypostomus asperatus Castelnau, 1855
Hypostomus aspilogaster (Cope, 1894)
Hypostomus atropinnis (Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890)
Hypostomus auroguttatus Kner, 1854
Hypostomus bolivianus (Pearson, 1924)
Hypostomus borellii (Boulenger, 1897)
Hypostomus boulengeri (Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1903)
Hypostomus brevicauda (Günther, 1864)
Hypostomus brevis (Nichols, 1919)
Hypostomus carinatus (Steindachner, 1881)
Hypostomus carvalhoi (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1937)
Hypostomus commersoni Valenciennes, 1836
Hypostomus coppenamensis Boeseman, 1969
Hypostomus corantijni Boeseman, 1968
Hypostomus cordovae (Günther, 1880)
Hypostomus crassicauda Boeseman, 1968
Hypostomus derbyi (Haseman, 1911)
Hypostomus dlouhyi Weber, 1985
Hypostomus eptingi (Fowler, 1941)
Hypostomus faveolus Zawadzki, Birindelli & Lima, 2008
Hypostomus fluviatilis (Schubart, 1964)
Hypostomus fonchii Weber & Montoya-Burgos, 2002
Hypostomus francisci (Lütken, 1874)
Hypostomus garmani (Regan, 1904)
Hypostomus goyazensis (Regan, 1908)
Hypostomus gymnorhynchus (Norman, 1926)
Hypostomus hemiurus (Eigenmann, 1912)
Hypostomus hermanni (Ihering, 1905)
Hypostomus hoplonites Rapp Py-Daniel, 1988
Hypostomus iheringii (Regan, 1908)
Hypostomus interruptus (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1918)
Hypostomus isbrueckeri Reis, Weber & Malabarba, 1990
Hypostomus itacua Valenciennes, 1836
Hypostomus jaguribensis (Fowler, 1915)
Hypostomus johnii (Steindachner, 1877)
Hypostomus laplatae (Eigenmann, 1907)
Hypostomus latifrons Weber, 1986
Hypostomus latirostris (Regan, 1904)
Hypostomus lexi (Ihering, 1911)
Hypostomus lima (Lütken, 1874)
Hypostomus longiradiatus (Holly, 1929)
Hypostomus luteomaculatus (Devincenzi, 1942)
Hypostomus luteus (Godoy, 1980)
Hypostomus macrophthalmus Boeseman, 1968
Hypostomus macrops (Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1888)
Hypostomus margaritifer (Regan, 1908)
Hypostomus meleagris (Marini, Nichols & La Monte, 1933)
Hypostomus micromaculatus Boeseman, 1968
Hypostomus microstomus Weber, 1987
Hypostomus mutucae Knaack, 1999
Hypostomus myersi (Gosline, 1947)
Hypostomus nematopterus Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1984
Hypostomus niceforoi (Fowler, 1943)
Hypostomus nickeriensis Boeseman, 1969
Hypostomus niger (Marini, Nichols & La Monte, 1933)
Hypostomus nigromaculatus (Schubart, 1964)
Hypostomus nudiventris (Fowler, 1941)
Hypostomus obtusirostris (Steindachner, 1907)
Hypostomus occidentalis Boeseman, 1968
Hypostomus panamensis (Eigenmann, 1922)
Hypostomus pantherinus Kner, 1854
Hypostomus papariae (Fowler, 1941)
Hypostomus paranensis Weyenbergh, 1877
Hypostomus paucimaculatus Boeseman, 1968
Hypostomus paulinus (Ihering, 1905)
Hypostomus piratatu Weber, 1986
Hypostomus pseudohemiurus Boeseman, 1968
Hypostomus punctatus Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840
Hypostomus pusarum (Starks, 1913)
Hypostomus regani (Ihering, 1905)
Hypostomus robinii Valenciennes, 1840
Hypostomus rondoni (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1912)
Hypostomus roseopunctatus Reis, Weber & Malabarba, 1990
Hypostomus saramaccensis Boeseman, 1968
Hypostomus scabriceps (Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1888)
Hypostomus scaphyceps (Nichols, 1919)
Hypostomus seminudus (Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1888)
Hypostomus sipaliwinii Boeseman, 1968
Hypostomus strigaticeps (Regan, 1908)
Hypostomus subcarinatus Castelnau, 1855
Hypostomus surinamensis Boeseman, 1968
Hypostomus tapanahoniensis Boeseman, 1969
Hypostomus tapijara Oyakawa, Akama & Zanata, 2005
Hypostomus ternetzi (Boulenger, 1895)
Hypostomus tietensis (Ihering, 1905)
Hypostomus topavae (Godoy, 1969)
Hypostomus unae (Steindachner, 1878)
Hypostomus uruguayensis Reis, Weber & Malabarba, 1990
Hypostomus vaillanti (Steindachner, 1877)
Hypostomus variipictus (Ihering, 1911)
Hypostomus varimaculosus (Fowler, 1945)
Hypostomus variostictus (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1912)
Hypostomus ventromaculatus Boeseman, 1968
Hypostomus vermicularis (Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1888)
Hypostomus verres Valenciennes, 1840
Hypostomus watwata Hancock, 1828
Hypostomus winzi (Fowler, 1945)
Hypostomus wuchereri (Günther, 1864)
1 Hypostomus plecostomusᵀ (C. Linnaeus, 1758) - spotted pleco
2 Hypostomus cochliodon group