Natura - nature
actualia - actual entities
Mundus Plinius - physical world
naturalia - natural bodies
Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
Clade neomura Cavalier-Smith, 1987
Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
Clade discaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade dorsates Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade podiates Cavalier-Smith, 2012
Clade Amorphea Adl et al. 2012 [Simpson, Medina & Adl 2020]
Clade Obazoa Brown, Sharpe, Silberman, Heiss, Lang, Simpson & Roger 2013
Clade Opisthokonta Cavalier-Smith 1987 [Simpson & Medina 2020] - animal-fungal clade
Superkingdom Holozoa Lang, O'Kelly, Nerad, Gray & Burger, 2002
Clade filozoa Shalchian-Tabrizi, Minge, Espelund, Orr, Ruden, Jakobsen & Cavalier-Smith, 2008
Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
Clade Planulozoa Wallberg, Thollesson, Farris & Jondelius 2004
Subkingdom Bilateria Hatschek, 1888 - bilaterians
Clade Nephrozoa Jondelius, Ruiz-Trillo, Baguñà & Riutort 2002
Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Grobben, 1908
Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
Subphylum Craniata auct.
Infraphylum Vertebrata Lamarck, 1801 - vertebrates
Clade Pan-Gnathostomata Downs 2020
Superclass Gnathostomataᵀ Gegenbaur, 1874 - jawed vertebrates
[crown] Clade Eugnathostomata
Clade Pan-Osteichthyes Rowe 2004 [Moore & Near 2020]
Clade Osteichthyes Huxley 1880 [Moore & Near 2020]
Clade Pan-Actinopterygii Rowe 2004 [Moore & Near 2020]
Clade Actinopterygiiᵀ Woodward 1891 [Moore & Near 2020]
Clade Pan-Actinopteri Moore & Near 2020
Class Actinopteri Cope, 1871
Subclass Neopterygii Regan, 1923
Infraclass Teleosteomorpha Arratia, 2001
Division Teleostei Müller, 1845
Supercohort Teleocephala de Pinna, 1996 - crown-group Teleostei
Cohort Clupeocephala Patterson & Rosen, 1977
Subcohort Euteleosteomorpha Greenwood et al., 1966
Infracohort Neoteleostei Nelson, 1969
Supersection Eurypterygia Rosen, 1973
Section Ctenosquamata Rosen, 1973
Subsection Acanthomorphata Rosen, 1973
Clade Euacanthomorpha Johnson & Patterson, 1993
Clade Holacanthopterygii Johnson & Patterson, 1993
Division Acanthopterygii Rosen & Patterson, 1969
Subdivision Percomorphaceae
Series Eupercaria
Order Acanthuriformes Jordan, 1923 - surgeonfishes and relatives
Family Sparidae Rafinesque, 1818 - porgys and seabreams
01 Genus Acanthopagrus Peters, 1855
02 Genus Amamiichthys Tanaka & Iwatsuki, 2015
03 Genus Archosargus Gill, 1865
04 Genus Argyrops Swainson, 1839
05 Genus Argyrozona Smith, 1938 [monotypic]
06 Genus Boops Cuvier, 1814
07 Genus Boopsoidea Castelnau, 1861 [monotypic]
08 Genus Calamus Swainson, 1839
09 Genus Centracanthus Rafinesque, 1810 [monotypic]
10 Genus Cheimerius Smith, 1938
11 Genus Chrysoblephus Swainson, 1839
12 Genus Chrysophrys Quoy & Gaimard, 1824
13 Genus Crenidens Valenciennes, 1830 [monotypic]
14 Genus Cymatoceps Smith, 1938 [monotypic]
15 Genus Dentex Cuvier, 1814
16 Genus Diplodus Rafinesque, 1810
17 Genus Evynnis Jordan & Thompson, 1912
18 Genus Gymnocrotaphus Günther, 1859 [monotypic]
19 Genus Lagodon Holbrook, 1855 [monotypic]
20 Genus Lithognathus Swainson, 1839
21 Genus Oblada Cuvier, 1829 [monotypic]
22 Genus Pachymetopon Günther, 1859
23 Genus Pagellus Valenciennes, 1830
24 Genus Pagrus Cuvier, 1816
25 Genus Parargyrops Tanaka, 1916 [monotypic]
26 Genus Petrus Smith, 1938 [monotypic]
27 Genus Polyamblyodon Norman, 1935
28 Genus Polysteganus Klunzinger, 1870
29 Genus Porcostoma Smith, 1938 [monotypic]
30 Genus Pterogymnus Smith, 1938 [monotypic]
31 Genus Rhabdosargus Fowler, 1933
32 Genus Sarpa Bonaparte, 1831 [monotypic]
33 Genus Sparidentex Munro, 1948 [monotypic]
34 Genus Sparodon Smith, 1938 [monotypic]
35 Genus Sparusᵀ Linnaeus, 1758 [monotypic]
36 Genus Spicara Rafinesque, 1810
37 Genus Spondyliosoma Cantor, 1849
38 Genus Stenotomus Gill, 1865
39 Genus Virididentex Poll, 1971 [monotypic]