Vertebrata Cuvier, 1812 - vertebrates
   Gnathostomata
     Teleostomi
       Class Osteichthyes Huxley, 1880 [paraphyletic] - bony fishes see [unranked] Euteleostomi
         Subclass Actinopterygii Woodward, 1891 - ray-finned fishes see Class Actinopterygii Woodward, 1891
           Infraclass Neopterygii Regan, 1923 see Subclass Neopterygii Regan, 1923
             Division Teleostei Müller, 1845 see Infraclass Teleostei Müller, 1845
               Subdivision Euteleostei Greenwood et al., 1966 see Cohort Euteleosteomorpha (Greenwood et al., 1966)
                 Superorder Acanthopterygii Rosen & Patterson, 1969 see [unranked] Acanthopterygii Rosen & Patterson, 1969
                   Series Percomorpha see Division Percomorphacea Wiley & Johnson, 2010
                     Order Perciformes Rafinesque, 1810 - perches
                       Suborder Gobioidei Berg, 1940 see Order Gobiiformes Günther, 1880
                         1 Family Gobiidae Regan, 1911 - gobies
                         2 Family Rhyacichthyidae - loach gobies
                         3 Family Gobioididae see Family Gobiidae Regan, 1911
                         4 Family Microdesmidae
                         5 Family Eleotridae - sleepers see Family Eleotrididae
                         6 Family Kraemeriidae - sand darts