Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
   Phylum Craniata Linnaeus, 1758 see Subphylum Craniata auct.
     Pisces
       Class Actinopterygii Woodward, 1891 - ray-finned fishes see Clade Actinopterygii Woodward 1891 [Moore & Near 2020]
         Order Perciformes Bleeker, 1859 - perches
           Suborder Acanthuroidei see Order Acanthuriformes Jordan, 1923
             1 Family Ephippidae Bleeker, 1859 - spadefishes and batfishes
             2 Family Scatophagidae Gill, 1883 - scats
             3 Family Siganidae Richardson, 1837 - rabbitfishes
             4 Family Luvaridae Gill, 1885 - luvars
             5 Family Zanclidae Bleeker, 1876 - Moorish idols
             6 Family Acanthuridae Bonaparte, 1835 - surgeonfishes and unicornfishes