Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
   Subphylum Vertebrata Cuvier, 1812 - vertebrates see Infraphylum Vertebrata Lamarck, 1801
     Pisces
       Class Actinopterygii Woodward, 1891 - ray-finned fishes see Clade Actinopterygii Woodward 1891 [Moore & Near 2020]
         Order Acipenseriformes Berg, 1940 - paddlefishes and sturgeons
         Order Albuliformes Greenwood et al., 1966 - bonefishes
         Order Amiiformes Huxley, 1861 - bowfins
         Order Anguilliformes Berg, 1943 - eels
         Order †Aspidorhynchiformes Bleeker, 1859
         Order Atheriniformes Rosen, 1964 - silversides
         Order Aulopiformes Rosen, 1973 - lizardfishes
         Order Batrachoidiformes Berg, 1937 - toadfishes
         Order Beloniformes Berg, 1937 - needlefishes
         Order Beryciformes Günther, 1880 - beryciforms
         Order Cetomimiformes see Superfamily Cetomimoidea Goode & Bean, 1895
         Order Characiformes Goodrich, 1909 - characins
         Order Clupeiformes Goodrich, 1909 - herrings
         Order Ctenothrissiformes Patterson, 1964
         Order Cypriniformes Bleeker, 1859 - carps, loaches, minnows, and relatives
         Order Cyprinodontiformes Berg, 1940 - killifishes
         Order †Dorypteriformes Cope, 1871
         Order †Ellimmichthyiformes Grande, 1982
         Order Elopiformes Gosline, 1960 - tenpounders
         Order Gadiformes Goodrich, 1909 - cods and hakes
         Order Gasterosteiformes Gill, 1872 - sticklebacks see Infraorder Gasterosteales
         Order Gobiesociformes Gill, 1872 - clingfishes see Suborder Gobiesocoidei Bertin & Arambourg, 1958
         Order Gonorynchiformes Regan, 1909 - milkfishes
         Order Gymnotiformes Gill, 1872 - Neotropical knifefishes
         Order †Haplolepidiformes see Order Aeduelliformes Heyler, 1969
         Order †Ichthyodectiformes Bardack & Sprinkle, 1969
         Order Lampriformes - opahs
         Order Lepisosteiformes Hay, 1929 - gars
         Order †Leptolepidiformes
         Order Lophiiformes Garman, 1899 - anglerfishes
         Order †Luganoiiformes Lehman, 1958
         Order †Macrosemiiformes see Order Semionotiformes Aramboug & Bertin, 1958
         Order Myctophiformes Regan, 1911 - lanternfishes
         Order Notacanthiformes Goodrich, 1909 - halosaurs and deep-sea spiny eels
         Order Ophidiiformes Regan, 1912 - cusk-eels
         Order Osteoglossiformes Berg, 1940 - bonytongues
         Order †Pachycormiformes Berg, 1940
         Order †Palaeonisciformes Jarvik, 1961
         Order †Pattersonichthyiformes
         Order †Peltopleuriformes
         Order Perciformes Bleeker, 1859 - perches
         Order Percopsiformes Berg, 1937 - trout-perches
         Order †Perleidiformes Berg, 1937
         Order †Phanerorhynchiformes
         Order †Pholidophoriformes
         Order †Pholidopleuriformes
         Order Pleuronectiformes Bleeker, 1859 - flatfishes see Suborder Pleuronectoidei
         Order Polypteriformes - bichirs
         Order †Ptycholepiformes Andrews et al., 1967 see Order Ptycholepidiformes Andrews et al., 1967
         Order †Pycnodontiformes Berg, 1937
         Order †Redfieldiiformes Berg, 1940
         Order Saccopharyngiformes - sackpharynx fishes see Suborder Anguilloidei
         Order Salmoniformes Bleeker, 1859 - trout, salmon, and whitefish
         Order †Saurichthyiformes Aldinger, 1937
         Order Scorpaeniformes Bloch, 1789 - mail-cheeked fishes see Order Perciformes Bleeker, 1859
         Order †Semionotiformes Aramboug & Bertin, 1958
         Order Siluriformes Bleeker, 1858 - catfishes
         Order Stomiiformes Rosen, 1973 - dragonfishes
         Order Synbranchiformes - swamp eels
         Order Syngnathiformes Berg, 1940 - pipefishes and seahorses
         Order †Tarrasiiformes
         Order Tetraodontiformes Berg, 1937 - plectognaths
         Order Zeiformes Jordan, 1905 - dories