[living organisms] see Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
   Superkingdom Eukaryota Whittaker & Margulis, 1978 see Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925
     Kingdom Plantae Haeckel (1866) - plants
       Subkingdom Biliphyta Caval.-Sm. (1981) - red algae and glaucophytes see Kingdom Plantae Haeckel (1866)
         Phylum Rhodophyta Wettst. (1901) - red algae
           Subphylum Eurhodophytina G.W.Saunders & Hommers. (2004)
             Class Florideophyceae Cronquist (1960)
               Subclass Nemaliophycidae Christensen (1978)
                 Order Thoreales K.M. Müller, A.R.Sherwood, Pueschel, Gutell & Sheath (2002)