Vertebrata Cuvier, 1812 - vertebrates
   Gnathostomata
     Teleostomi
       Tetrapoda Hatschek & Cori 1896 [Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe 1988]
         Amniota Haeckel, 1866 [Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe 1988] - amniotes
           Class Aves Linnaeus, 1758 - birds see Subclass Aves Linnaeus, 1758
             Subclass Neornithes Gadow, 1893 see Clade Neornithes Gadow, 1893
               Superorder Neognathae Pycraft, 1900 see Cohort Neognathae Pycraft, 1900
                 Order Caprimulgiformes Ridgway, 1881 - nightjars
                   1 Family Aegothelidae Bonaparte, 1853 - owlet-nightjars
                   2 Family Podargidae Gray, 1840 - frogmouths
                   3 Family Steatornithidae Gray, 1846 - oilbird
                   4 Family Caprimulgidae Vigors, 1825 - nightjars