Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
   Class Aves Linnaeus, 1758 - birds see Subclass Aves Linnaeus, 1758
     Subclass Neornithes Gadow, 1893 see Clade Neornithes Gadow, 1893
       Superorder Neognathae Pycraft, 1900 see Cohort Neognathae Pycraft, 1900
         Order Passeriformes Linnaeus, 1758
           Suborder Oscines see Suborder Passeres (C. Linnaeus, 1758) C. Linnaeus, 1766
             Family Fringillidae Leach, 1820 - finches and Hawaiian honeycreepers
               1 Subfamily Fringillinae Leach, 1820
               2 Subfamily Carduelinae Vigors, 1825
               3 Subfamily Drepanidinae