Neornithes Gadow, 1893 - living birds
   Neognathae Pycraft 1900 see Cohort Neognathae Pycraft, 1900
     Neoaves Sibley et al. 1988 see Subcohort Neoaves Sibley et al., 1988
       [Order] Passeriformes Linnaeus, 1758
         oscines see Suborder Oscines
           Passerida - passeridans see Parvorder Passerida (C. Linnaeus, 1758) Sibley et al., 1988
             Passeroidea
               Family Fringillidae Leach, 1820 - finches and Hawaiian honeycreepers
                 Subfamily Fringillinae Leach, 1820
                   Genus Fringilla Linnaeus, 1758
                     1 Fringilla coelebs Linnaeus, 1758 - chaffinch
                     2 Fringilla teydea Webb et al., 1841
                     3 Fringilla montifringilla Linnaeus, 1758 - brambling