living organisms see Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
   Superkingdom Eukaryotae see Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925
     Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
       Subkingdom Eumetazoa Butschli, 1910 see [unranked] Eumetazoa Bütschli, 1910
         Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
           Subphylum Vertebrata Cuvier, 1812 - vertebrates
             Class Aves Linnaeus, 1758 - birds see Subclass Aves Linnaeus, 1758
               Subclass Neornithes Gadow, 1893 see Clade Neornithes Gadow, 1893
                 Superorder Neognathae Pycraft, 1900 see Cohort Neognathae Pycraft, 1900
                   Order Passeriformes Linnaeus, 1758
                     Suborder Oscines see Suborder Passeres (C. Linnaeus, 1758) C. Linnaeus, 1766
                       Family Fringillidae Leach, 1820 - finches and Hawaiian honeycreepers
                         Subfamily Carduelinae Vigors, 1825
                           1 Genus Serinus Koch, 1816
                           2 Genus Carduelis Brisson, 1760
                           3 Genus Acanthis von Borkhausen, 1797 see Genus Carduelis Brisson, 1760
                           4 Genus Carpodacus Kaup, 1829
                           5 Genus Loxia Linnaeus, 1758
                           6 Genus Coccothraustes Brisson, 1760