Kingdom [Animalia] Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
   Subkingdom Metazoa Haeckel, 1874 see Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758
     Division Eumetazoa Butschli, 1910 see Subkingdom Eumetazoa Butschli, 1910
       Subdivision Bilateralia
         Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
           Subphylum Vertebrata Cuvier, 1812 - vertebrates
             Class Aves Linnaeus, 1758 - birds see Subclass Aves Linnaeus, 1758
               Subclass Neornithes Gadow, 1893 see Clade Neornithes Gadow, 1893
                 Order Passeriformes Linnaeus, 1758
                   Suborder Oscines see Suborder Passeres (C. Linnaeus, 1758) C. Linnaeus, 1766
                     Family Estrildidae Bonaparte, 1850 - waxbills, grass finches, munias and allies
                       Genus Spermestes Swainson, 1837 see Genus Lonchura Sykes, 1832
                         Spermestes fringilloides (Lafresnaye, 1835) see Lonchura fringilloides (Lafresnaye, 1835)