organisms see Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
   Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
     Kingdom Plantae Haeckel (1866) - plants
       Subkingdom Viridaeplantae Cavalier-Sm. (1981) - green plants see [unranked] Viridiplantae Cavalier-Smith, 1981
         Land plants
           Phylum Pteridophyta Schimp. (1879) see Phylum Filicinophyta
             leptosporangiates - leptosporangiate ferns
               1 Order Osmundales Bercht. & J.Presl (1820)
               2 Order Filicales Dumort. (1829), nom. illeg. see Order Polypodiales Link (1833)
               3 Order Polypodiales Link (1833) - cathetogyrates
               4 Order Salviniales Link (1833) - water ferns