Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
   Phylum Craniata Linnaeus, 1758 see Subphylum Vertebrata Cuvier, 1812
     Class Mammalia Linnaeus, 1758 - mammals
       Subclass Theria Parker & Haswell, 1897
         Infraclass Placentalia Owen, 1837 see Cohort Placentalia Owen, 1837
           Order Carnivora Bowdich, 1821 - carnivores
             Suborder Caniformia Kretzoi, 1943
               Family Phocidae Gray, 1821 - true seals