Neornithes Gadow, 1893 - living birds
   Neognathae Pycraft 1900 see Cohort Neognathae Pycraft, 1900
     Neoaves Sibley et al. 1988 see Subcohort Neoaves Sibley et al., 1988
       Order [Columbiformes] Latham, 1790 - pigeons and allies
         Family Columbidae Illiger, 1811 - doves, pigeons
           Subfamily Treroninae
             Genus Ducula Hodgson, 1836
               Ducula carola (Bonaparte, 1854) - spotted imperial-pigeon
                 1 Ducula carola carola (Bonaparte, 1854)
                 2 Ducula carola nigrorum (Whitehead, 1897)
                 3 Ducula carola mindanensis (Ogilvie-Grant, 1905)