life see Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
   Empire Eukaryota (Chatton, 1925) see Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925
     Kingdom Fungi R.T.Moore (1980) - fungi
       Subkingdom Neomycota Caval.-Sm. (1998) see Subkingdom Dikarya Hibbett, T.Y. James & Vilgalys (2007)
         Phylum Ascomycota Caval.-Sm. (1998) - sac fungi
           Subphylum Euascomycotina (Engl., 1897) Ainsworth (1966) see Subphylum Pezizomycotina O.E. Erikss. & Winka (1997)
             Class Pyrenomycetes (Fr., 1821) Ainsworth (1966) see Class Ascomycetes G.Winter (1880)
               Subclass Verrucomycetidae T. Cavalier-Sm. (1998) see Order Verrucariales Mattick ex D.Hawksw. & O.E. Erikss. (1986)
                 Genus Verrucaria Schrad. (1794), nom. cons.