[living organisms] see Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
   Superkingdom Eukaryota Whittaker & Margulis, 1978 see Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925
     Kingdom Plantae Haeckel (1866) - plants
       Subkingdom Viridiplantae Caval.-Sm. (1981) - green plants
         Infrakingdom Streptophyta Caval.-Sm. (1993)
           Superphylum Charophyta Migula (1890) [monotypic]
             Phylum Charophyta Migula (1889)
               1 Class Charophyceae Rabenh. (1863) [monotypic] - stoneworts
               2 Class Chlorokybophyceae [monotypic] - chlorokybophytes
               3 Class Coleochaetophyceae Bessey ex Woods (1894) - coleochaetophytes
               4 Class Conjugatophyceae Engl. (1892) see Class Zygnematophyceae Round ex Guiry (2013)
               5 Class Klebsormidiophyceae C.Hoek, D.G.Mann & H.M. Jahns (1995) [monotypic] - klebsormidiophytes
               6 Class Mesostigmatophyceae B.Marin & M. Melkonian (1999) [monotypic] - mesostigmatophytes