angiosperms - flowering plants see Subclass Magnoliidae Novák ex Takht. (1967)
   eudicots see Clade Eudicotyledoneae Donoghue, Doyle & Cantino 2007 [Donoghue, Doyle & Cantino 2020]
     core eudicots see Clade Gunneridae Soltis, Soltis & Judd 2007 [Soltis, Soltis & Judd 2020]
       Order Saxifragales Bercht. & J.Presl (1820)
         Family Penthoraceae Rydb. ex Britton (1901), nom. cons.