[plants] Haeckel (1866) - plants
   vascular plants see Phylum Tracheophyta Sinnott ex Caval.-Sm. (1998)
     euphyllophytes see Clade Euphyllophyta Lecointre & Le Guyader 2006 [Cantino & Donoghue 2020]
       Spermatophyta Britton & Brown 1896 [Crane & Kenrick 1997], nom. cl. inval. - seed plants see Clade Spermatophyta Britton & Brown 1896 [Cantino, Doyle & Donoghue 2020]
         Class Magnoliopsida Brongn. (1843)
           "Eudicots" see Clade Eudicotyledoneae Donoghue, Doyle & Cantino 2007 [Donoghue, Doyle & Cantino 2020]
             "Core Eudicots" see Clade Gunneridae Soltis, Soltis & Judd 2007 [Soltis, Soltis & Judd 2020]
               Asteridae Takht. (1967) see Superorder Asteranae Takht. (1967)
                 Lamiids see Clade Lamiidae Takhtajan 1987 [Olmstead, Judd & Cantino 2020]
                   Order Lamiales Bromhead (1838)
                     Family Gesneriaceae Rich. & Juss. (1816), nom. cons. - gesneriad family
                       1 'I' Subfamily Coronantheroideae Wiehler
                       2 'II' Subfamily Gesnerioideae (Richard & Jussieu, 1804 ex Richard & Jussieu, in DC., 1816) Burnett (1835)
                       3 'III' Subfamily "Epithematoids"
                       4 'IV' Subfamily Didymocarpoideae Arn.
                       5 Genus Jerdonia R. Wight (1848)
                       6 Genus Lembocarpus Leeuwenberg (1958)
                       7 Genus Titanotrichum Solereder (1909)
                       8 ?Genus Sanango G.S. Bunting & J.A. Duke (1961)