Kingdom [Animalia] Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
   Ecdysozoa Aguinaldo, Turbeville, Linford, Rivera, Garey, Raff & Lake 1997, nom. cl. inval. - ecdysozoans see Clade Ecdysozoa Aguinaldo, Turbeville, Linford, Rivera, Garey, Raff & Lake 1997 [Lake, Halanych, Servin & Garey 2020]
     Panarthropoda Nielsen, 1995 - panarthropods
       Tritocerebra see [unranked] Tactopoda Budd, 2001
         Phylum Arthropoda Siebold, 1848 - arthropods
           Subphylum Mandibulata Snodgrass, 1938
             Infraphylum Atelocerata see [unranked] Mandibulata
               Superclass Panhexapoda
                 Epiclass Hexapoda Latreille, 1825 see Superclass Hexapoda Latreille, 1825
                   Class Insecta Linnaeus, 1758 - insects
                     Dicondylia Haeckel, 1866 see Subclass Dicondylia Haeckel, 1866
                       Pterygota Lang, 1888 see Infraclass Pterygota Lang, 1888
                         Metapterygota
                           Neoptera Martynov, 1923
                             Eumetabola
                               Holometabola
                                 Superorder Panorpida
                                   Antliophora
                                     1 Order "Mecoptera" Packard, 1886 - scorpion flies
                                     1.n Order Siphonaptera Latreille, 1825 - fleas
                                     2 Order Strepsiptera Kirby, 1813 - twisted-wing insects
                                     3 Order Diptera Linnaeus, 1758 - true flies, mosquitoes, gnats