[plants] Haeckel (1866) - plants
   vascular plants see Phylum Tracheophyta Sinnott ex Caval.-Sm. (1998)
     euphyllophytes see Clade Euphyllophyta Lecointre & Le Guyader 2006 [Cantino & Donoghue 2020]
       Spermatophyta Britton & Brown 1896 [Crane & Kenrick 1997], nom. cl. inval. - seed plants see Clade Spermatophyta Britton & Brown 1896 [Cantino, Doyle & Donoghue 2020]
         Class Magnoliopsida Brongn. (1843)
           Monocotyledons see Superorder Lilianae Takht. (1967)
             Order Alismatales R.Br. ex Bercht. & J.Presl (1820)
               Family Araceae Juss. (1789), nom. cons. - Arum family
                 1 Subfamily Gymnostachydoideae
                 2 Subfamily Orontioideae Mayo et al. (1997)
                 3 Subfamily Pothoideae
                 4 Subfamily Monsteroideae Engl.
                 5 Subfamily Lasioideae
                 6 Subfamily Calloideae
                 7 Subfamily Aroideae
                 8 Subfamily Lemnoideae Babington (1843)