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Taxon: Division Firmicutes corrig. Gibbons and Murray 1978 (Approved Lists 1980) nom. rej. - gram-positive bacteria (prokaryote)
 Entity: 

Authorship

SN2000 author citation:  N.E. Gibbons & R.G.E. Murray, 1978/1980, nom. descript., nom. approb., nom. rej., orth. corr.
Original name & rank:  Gibbons, N.E. & Murray, R.G.E. 1978. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 28 (1): 5 ("Firmacutes").
Subsequent spelling:  Krieg, N.R. & Holt, J.G. (eds.) 1984. Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. The Williams & Wilkins Co., Baltimore and London: 36 (R.G.E. Murray) ("Gibbons and Murray 1978, 5 AL").

Attributes

Pre-starting-point rank (stat. inval.[: praeinit.]) [ICNP, 2022: p. 1, Rules 5b, 8 (phylum, <2021)] Ref: S.J. Brands (comp.), 1989-present. Syst. Nat. 2000: 2 Jan 2026.
Emendation (nom. emend.) [ICZN, 1999: Art. 33.2.1] Ref: N.R. Krieg & J.G. Holt (eds.), 1984. Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. The Williams & Wilkins Co., Baltimore and London: 36 (R.G.E. Murray) ("sic").
Descriptive name ([nom. illeg.]: nom. descript.) [ICNP, 2025: Rule 8; Judicial Opinion 129: 3-4, 7 (>order)] Ref: D.R. Arahal et al. 2024. Judicial Opinion 129: 7.
Approved name (Approved Lists: nom. approb.) [ICNP, 2019: Rules 24a, 33b] Ref: Approved Lists, 1980.
Rejected name (nom. rej.) [ICNP, 2019: Rule 56a] Ref: LPSN, 2020-present. LPSN: [2 Jan 2026] ("Rejected name (Opinion 129).").

Variants

Current rank: Firmicutes (Phylum) (Gibbons and Murray 1978) Garrity and Holt 2001 stat. inval.
Different spelling: Firmacutes (Division) Gibbons and Murray 1978 Ref: J.P. Euzéby, 1997-present: 11 May 2009.

Vernacular Names (English)

Full name: gram-positive bacteria
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Last updated: 28 Aug 2026