[living organisms] see Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
   Superkingdom Eukaryota Whittaker & Margulis, 1978 see Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925
     Kingdom Plantae Haeckel (1866) - plants
       Subkingdom Viridiplantae Caval.-Sm. (1981) - green plants
         Infrakingdom Streptophyta Caval.-Sm. (1993)
           Superphylum Embryophyta Engl. (1887) - land plants see Clade Embryophyta Engler 1887 [Mishler & Qiu 2020]
             Phylum Tracheophyta Sinnott ex Caval.-Sm. (1998) - vascular plants
               Subphylum Spermatophytina Caval.-Sm. (1998) - seed plants
                 Superclass "Angiospermae" [monotypic]
                   Class Magnoliopsida Brongn. (1843)
                     Superorder Lilianae Takht. (1967) - monocots
                       01 Order Acorales Mart. (1835)
                       02 Order Alismatales R.Br. ex Bercht. & J.Presl (1820)
                       03 Order Arecales Bromhead (1840) - palms
                       04 Order Asparagales Link (1829)
                       05 Order Commelinales Mirb. ex Bercht. & J.Presl (1820)
                       06 Order Dasypogonales Doweld (2001) see Order Arecales Bromhead (1840)
                       07 Order Dioscoreales Mart. (1835)
                       08 Order Liliales Perleb (1826) - lilies
                       09 Order Pandanales R.Br. ex Bercht. & J.Presl (1820)
                       10 Order Petrosaviales Takht. (1997)
                       11 Order Poales Burnett (1835) - grasses
                       12 Order Zingiberales Griseb. (1854) - gingers