Natura - nature
actualia - actual entities
Mundus Plinius - physical world
naturalia - natural bodies
[crown] Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
Clade neomura Cavalier-Smith, 1987
Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
Clade discaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade dorsates Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade podiates Cavalier-Smith, 2012
[crown] Clade Amorphea Adl et al. 2012 [Simpson, Medina & Adl 2020]
[crown] Clade Obazoa Brown, Sharpe, Silberman, Heiss, Lang, Simpson & Roger 2013
[crown] Clade Opisthokonta Cavalier-Smith 1987 [Simpson & Medina 2020] - animal-fungal clade
Superkingdom Holozoa Lang, O'Kelly, Nerad, Gray & Burger, 2002
Clade filozoa Shalchian-Tabrizi, Minge, Espelund, Orr, Ruden, Jakobsen & Cavalier-Smith, 2008
Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
Clade Planulozoa Wallberg, Thollesson, Farris & Jondelius 2004
Subkingdom Bilateria Hatschek, 1888 - bilaterians
Clade Nephrozoa Jondelius, Ruiz-Trillo, Baguñà & Riutort 2002
Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Grobben, 1908
Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
Subphylum Vertebrata Cuvier, 1812 - vertebrates
[Infraphylum Gnathostomata Gegenbaur, 1874 - jawed vertebrates]
see Superclass Gnathostomata Gegenbaur, 1874
[Superclass Chondrichthyes Huxley, 1880]
[Class Elasmobranchii Bonaparte, 1838]
see Subclass Elasmobranchii Bonaparte, 1838
[Subclass Selachii]
see Subdivision Selachii
[Order Raii]
[Order Squali Müller & Henle, 1838]
01 [Order †Pleuropterygii [monotypic]]
see Order Cladoselachiformes
02 [Order †Acanthodei Gunnell, 1933]
see Class Acanthodii Owen, 1846
03 [Order †Ichthyotomi (Cope)]
04 [Order †Polyspondyli Jordan, 1963 [monotypic]]
see Order Ischnacanthiformes Berg, 1940
05 [Order Cestraciontes]
06 [Order Selachophidichthyoidei [monotypic]]
see Order Hexanchiformes Compagno, 1973
07 [Order Notidani Jaekel, 1911 [monotypic]]
see Order Hexanchiformes Compagno, 1973
09 [Order Tectospondyli]
10 [Order Batoidei]
see Order Batoidea