Natura - nature
   actualia - actual entities
     Mundus Plinius - physical world
       naturalia - natural bodies
         [crown] Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
           Clade neomura Cavalier-Smith, 1987
             Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
               Clade discaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
                 Clade dorsates Cavalier-Smith, 2021
                   Clade podiates Cavalier-Smith, 2012
                     [crown] Clade Amorphea Adl et al. 2012 [Simpson, Medina & Adl 2020]
                       [crown] Clade Obazoa Brown, Sharpe, Silberman, Heiss, Lang, Simpson & Roger 2013
                         [crown] Clade Opisthokonta Cavalier-Smith 1987 [Simpson & Medina 2020] - animal-fungal clade
                           Superkingdom Holozoa Lang, O'Kelly, Nerad, Gray & Burger, 2002
                             Clade filozoa Shalchian-Tabrizi, Minge, Espelund, Orr, Ruden, Jakobsen & Cavalier-Smith, 2008
                               Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
                                 Clade Planulozoa Wallberg, Thollesson, Farris & Jondelius 2004
                                   Subkingdom Bilateria Hatschek, 1888 - bilaterians
                                     Clade Nephrozoa Jondelius, Ruiz-Trillo, Baguñà & Riutort 2002
                                       Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Grobben, 1908
                                         Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
                                           Subphylum Vertebrata Cuvier, 1812 - vertebrates
                                             Myopterygii - myopterygians
                                               Superclass Gnathostomata Gegenbaur, 1874 - jawed vertebrates
                                                 Grade Chondrichthiomorphi
                                                   Class Chondrichthyes Huxley, 1880 - cartilaginous fishes
                                                     Subclass Elasmobranchii Bonaparte, 1838 - shark-like fishes
                                                       Infraclass Euselachii Hay, 1902 - sharks and rays, and related fossils
                                                         Division Neoselachii Compagno, 1977
                                                           Subdivision Batoidea - rays
                                                             Order Rajiformes Berg, 1940 - skates
                                                               Family Rajidaeᵀ Blainville, 1816 - skates
                                                                 Genus Rajaᵀ Linnaeus, 1758 - skates
                                                                   [Subgenus Raja (Amblyraja) Malm, 1877] see Genus Amblyraja Malm, 1877
                                                                   [Subgenus Raja (Dipturus) Rafinesque, 1810 - longnosed skates] see Genus Dipturus Rafinesque, 1810
                                                                   [Subgenus Raja (Leucoraja) Malm, 1877] see Genus Leucoraja Malm, 1877
                                                                   [Subgenus Raja (Malacoraja)] see Genus Malacoraja Stehmann, 1970
                                                                   [Subgenus Raja (Raja) Linnaeus, 1758] see Genus Raja Linnaeus, 1758
                                                                   [Raja altavela Linnaeus, 1758] see Gymnura altavela (C. Linnaeus, 1758)
                                                                   [Raja aquila Linnaeus, 1758] see Myliobatis aquila (Linnaeus, 1758)
                                                                   [Raja australis Macleay, 1884] see Dipturus australis (Macleay, 1884)
                                                                   [Raja cerva Whitley, 1939] see Dipturus cerva (Whitley, 1939)
                                                                   [Raja chilensis Guichenot, 1848] see Zearaja chilensis (Guichenot, 1848)
                                                                   [Raja flavirostris Philippi, 1892] see Dipturus flavirostris (Philippi, 1892)
                                                                   [Raja floridana Bigelow & Schroeder, 1962] see Dipturus teevani (Bigelow & Schroeder, 1951)
                                                                   [Raja innominata Garrick & Paul, 1974] see Dipturus innominatus (Garrick & Paul, 1974)
                                                                   [Raja koreana Jeong & Nakabo, 1997] see Hongeo koreana (Jeong & Nakabo, 1997)
                                                                   [Raja kwangtungensis Chu, 1960] see Dipturus kwangtungensis (Chu, 1960)
                                                                   [Raja lintea Fries, 1838] see Rajella lintea (Fries, 1838)
                                                                   [Raja montereyensis]
                                                                   [Raja nidarosiensis Storm, 1881] see Dipturus nidarosiensis (Storm, 1881)
                                                                   [Raja ocellifera]
                                                                   [Raja parva Last & Séret, 2016]
                                                                   [Raja pastinaca Linnaeus, 1758] see Dasyatis pastinaca (C. Linnaeus, 1758)
                                                                   [Raja polyommata Ogilby, 1910] see Dipturus polyommata (Ogilby, 1910)
                                                                   [Raja rhinobatos Linnaeus, 1758] see Rhinobatos rhinobatos (C. Linnaeus, 1758)
                                                                   [Raja torpedo Linnaeus, 1758] see Torpedo torpedo (C. Linnaeus, 1758)
                                                                   [Raja whitleyi Iredale, 1938] see Dipturus whitleyi (Iredale, 1938)
                                                                   [Subgenus Raja (Rajella)] see Genus Rajella Stehmann, 1970
                                                                   [Subgenus Raja (Rostroraja)] see Genus Rostroraja Hulley, 1972
                                                                   01 Raja ackleyi Garman, 1881 - ocellate skate
                                                                   02 Raja africana Capapé, 1977, nom. illeg. - African ray
                                                                   03 Raja asterias Delaroche, 1809 - starry skate
                                                                   04 Raja bahamensis Bigelow & Schroeder, 1965
                                                                   05 Raja brachyura Lafont, 1871 - blonde ray
                                                                   06 Raja cervigoni Bigelow & Schroeder, 1964 - finspot ray
                                                                   07 Raja chinensis Basilewsky, 1855
                                                                   08 Raja clavata Linnaeus, 1758 - thornback skate
                                                                   09 Raja cortezensis McEachran & Miyake, 1988 - Cortez' ray
                                                                   10 Raja eglanteria Bosc, 1800 - clearnose skate
                                                                   11 Raja equatorialis Jordan & Bollman, 1890 - Equatorial ray
                                                                   12 Raja herwigi Krefft, 1965
                                                                   13 Raja inornata Jordan & Gilbert, 1881 - California ray
                                                                   14 Raja karagea Tanaka, 1927
                                                                   14.0 [Raja tobae Tanaka, 1927, nom. illeg.] see Raja karagea Tanaka, 1927
                                                                   15 Raja macrorynchus Rafinesque, 1810
                                                                   16 Raja maderensis Lowe, 1838 - Madeiran ray
                                                                   17 Raja microocellata Montagu, 1818 - owl ray
                                                                   18 Raja miraletus Linnaeus, 1758 - brown ray
                                                                   19 Raja montagui Fowler, 1910 - Homelyn ray
                                                                   20 Raja polystigma Regan, 1923 - speckled ray
                                                                   21 Raja pulchra Liu, 1932 - mottled skate
                                                                   22 Raja radula Delaroche, 1809 - rough ray
                                                                   23 Raja rhina Jordan & Gilbert, 1880 - longnose skate
                                                                   24 Raja rondeleti Bougis, 1959 - Rondelet's ray
                                                                   25 Raja rouxi Capapé, 1977
                                                                   26 Raja stellulata Jordan & Gilbert, 1880 - starry skate
                                                                   27 Raja straeleni Poll, 1951 - biscuit skate
                                                                   27.0 ["Raja straelini"] see Raja straeleni Poll, 1951
                                                                   28 Raja texana Chandler, 1921 - Roundel skate
                                                                   29 Raja undulata Lacépède, 1802 - painted ray
                                                                   30 Raja velezi Chirichigno F., 1973 - Velez ray
                                                                   n.1 [Raja binoculata Girard, 1855 - big skate] see Beringraja binoculata (Girard, 1855)